private_data 是有数据 驱动

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/cdev.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/system.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>

#define GLOBALMEM_SIZE 0x1000 /*全局内存最大4K字节*/
#define MEM_CLEAR 0x1  /*清0全局内存*/
#define GLOBALMEM_MAJOR 250    /*预设的globalmem的主设备号*/

static int globalmem_major = GLOBALMEM_MAJOR;
/*globalmem设备结构体*/
struct globalmem_dev {
 struct cdev cdev; /*cdev结构体*/
 unsigned char mem[GLOBALMEM_SIZE]; /*全局内存*/
};

struct globalmem_dev *globalmem_devp; /*设备结构体指针*/
/*文件打开函数*/
int globalmem_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
 /*将设备结构体指针赋值给文件私有数据指针*/
 struct globalmem_dev *dev = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct globalmem_dev, cdev);
 
 filp->private_data = dev;
 return 0;
}
/*文件释放函数*/
int globalmem_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
 return 0;
}

/* ioctl设备控制函数 */
static int globalmem_ioctl(struct inode *inodep, struct file *filp, unsigned
 int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
 printk(KERN_INFO "=======================ioctl=======================\n");
 struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data;/*获得设备结构体指针*/

 switch (cmd) {
 case MEM_CLEAR:
  memset(dev->mem, 0, GLOBALMEM_SIZE);
  printk(KERN_INFO "globalmem is set to zero\n");
  break;

 default:
  return  - EINVAL;
 }

 return 0;
}

/*读函数*/
static ssize_t globalmem_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buf, size_t size,
 loff_t *ppos)
{
 printk(KERN_INFO "=======================read=======================\n");
 unsigned long p =  *ppos;
 unsigned int count = size;
 int ret = 0;
 struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; /*获得设备结构体指针*/

 /*分析和获取有效的写长度*/
 if (p >= GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
  return 0;
 if (count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p)
  count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p;

 /*内核空间->用户空间*/
 if (copy_to_user(buf, (void *)(dev->mem + p), count)) {
  ret =  - EFAULT;
 } else {
  *ppos += count;
  ret = count;

  printk(KERN_INFO "read %u bytes(s) from %lu\n", count, p);
 }

 return ret;
}

/*写函数*/
static ssize_t globalmem_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf,
 size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
 printk(KERN_INFO "=======================write=======================\n");
 unsigned long p =  *ppos;
 unsigned int count = size;
 int ret = 0;
 struct globalmem_dev *dev = filp->private_data; /*获得设备结构体指针*/

 /*分析和获取有效的写长度*/
 if (p >= GLOBALMEM_SIZE)
  return 0;
 if (count > GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p)
  count = GLOBALMEM_SIZE - p;

 /*用户空间->内核空间*/
 if (copy_from_user(dev->mem + p, buf, count))
  ret =  - EFAULT;
 else {
  *ppos += count;
  ret = count;

  printk(KERN_INFO "written %u bytes(s) from %lu\n", count, p);
 }

 return ret;
}

/* seek文件定位函数 */
static loff_t globalmem_llseek(struct file *filp, loff_t offset, int orig)
{
 printk(KERN_INFO "=======================lseek=======================\n");
 loff_t ret = 0;
 switch (orig) {
 case 0:   /*相对文件开始位置偏移*/
  if (offset < 0) {
   ret =  - EINVAL;
   break;
  }
  if ((unsigned int)offset > GLOBALMEM_SIZE) {
   ret =  - EINVAL;
   break;
  }
  filp->f_pos = (unsigned int)offset;
  ret = filp->f_pos;
  break;
 case 1:   /*相对文件当前位置偏移*/
  if ((filp->f_pos + offset) > GLOBALMEM_SIZE) {
   ret =  - EINVAL;
   break;
  }
  if ((filp->f_pos + offset) < 0) {
   ret =  - EINVAL;
   break;
  }
  filp->f_pos += offset;
  ret = filp->f_pos;
  break;
 default:
  ret =  - EINVAL;
  break;
 }
 return ret;
}

/*文件操作结构体*/
static const struct file_operations globalmem_fops = {
 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
 .llseek = globalmem_llseek,
 .read = globalmem_read,
 .write = globalmem_write,
 .ioctl = globalmem_ioctl,
 .open = globalmem_open,
 .release = globalmem_release,
};

/*初始化并注册cdev*/
static void globalmem_setup_cdev(struct globalmem_dev *dev, int index)
{
 printk(KERN_INFO "=======================setup=======================\n");
 int err, devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major, index);

 cdev_init(&dev->cdev, &globalmem_fops);
 dev->cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;
 err = cdev_add(&dev->cdev, devno, 1);
 if (err)
  printk(KERN_NOTICE "Error %d adding LED%d", err, index);
}

/*设备驱动模块加载函数*/
int globalmem_init(void)
{
 printk(KERN_INFO "=======================init=======================\n");
 int result;
 dev_t devno = MKDEV(globalmem_major, 5);

 /* 申请设备号*/
 if (globalmem_major)
  result = register_chrdev_region(devno, 3, "globalmem_laq_static");
 else { /* 动态申请设备号 */
  result = alloc_chrdev_region(&devno, 5, 3, "globalmem_laq_auto");
  globalmem_major = MAJOR(devno);
 }
 if (result < 0)
  return result;

 /* 动态申请设备结构体的内存*/
 globalmem_devp = kmalloc(3 * sizeof(struct globalmem_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
 if (!globalmem_devp) {    /*申请失败*/
  result =  - ENOMEM;
  goto fail_malloc;
 }

 memset(globalmem_devp, 0, 3 * sizeof(struct globalmem_dev));

 globalmem_setup_cdev(&globalmem_devp[0], 5);
 globalmem_setup_cdev(&globalmem_devp[1], 6);
 globalmem_setup_cdev(&globalmem_devp[2], 7);
 return 0;

fail_malloc:
 unregister_chrdev_region(devno, 1);
 return result;
}

/*模块卸载函数*/
void globalmem_exit(void)
{
 printk(KERN_INFO "=======================exit=======================\n");
 cdev_del(&(globalmem_devp[0].cdev));   /*注销cdev*/
 cdev_del(&(globalmem_devp[1].cdev));   /*注销cdev*/
 cdev_del(&(globalmem_devp[2].cdev));   /*注销cdev*/
 kfree(globalmem_devp);     /*释放设备结构体内存*/
 unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(globalmem_major, 5), 3); /*释放设备号*/
}

MODULE_AUTHOR("Li Anqiang");
MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");

module_param(globalmem_major, int, S_IRUGO);

module_init(globalmem_init);
module_exit(globalmem_exit);