CountDownLatch
在java.util.concurrenct这个包下面有很多工具,其中CountDownLatch是一个非常重要的工具类。对于这个类,本文来带大家学习一下。
我们从CountDownLatch这个类的名字就能知道,这个是一个倒计时锁,就是什么意思呢? 加入说:我在门上了一把锁,这个锁设定一个数,每达成一个条件则减一,直到这个数字减到了零,则锁打开,可以进入到门里面(程序可以继续执行)。
加锁可以用CountDownLatch.await()方法;减一操作可以用latch.countDown()方法。
闲言碎语不要讲,上代码。
package person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Slf4j //这个注释是lombok的注释,请引入lombok包
public class CountDownLatchStudy {
public static final int CHANGE_ROUND = 5;
public static final int MATCH_ROUND = 6;
public static final int TEAM_NUM = 2;
public static final String TEAM1 = "AFC Ajax";
public static final String TEAM2 = "Machester United";
public static final String[] PLAYSINTEAM1 = {"Bertrand Traore", "Frenkie de Jong", "Donny van de Beek",
"Davy Klaassen", "Davinson Sanchez", "Joel Veltman"};
public static final String[] PLAYSINTEAM2 = {"Wayne Rooney", "Paul Pogba", "Michael Carrick",
"Chris Smalling", "Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera",
"Marcos Rojo", "Ander Herrera"};
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
//设定每次只有一个队员进行主罚
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(1);
//当两队十名队员主罚点球之后,进入到规则改变的下一轮
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(CHANGE_ROUND * TEAM_NUM);
for(int i = 0; i < CHANGE_ROUND; i++){
executorService.execute(new Worker(TEAM1, PLAYSINTEAM1[i], latch, i));
executorService.execute(new Worker(TEAM2, PLAYSINTEAM2[i], latch, i));
}
try {
//一直阻塞,直到两队十名队员点球主罚完毕
latch.await();
log.info("The team who missed will immediately lose the game after five rounds");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
latch = new CountDownLatch((MATCH_ROUND - CHANGE_ROUND) * TEAM_NUM);
for(int i = CHANGE_ROUND; i < MATCH_ROUND; i++){
executorService.execute(new Worker(TEAM1, PLAYSINTEAM1[i], latch, i));
executorService.execute(new Worker(TEAM2, PLAYSINTEAM2[i], latch, i));
}
try {
//主线程阻塞,直到比赛分出胜负
latch.await();
log.info("The game is over. The winner is {}! Congratuation!!", TEAM2);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
executorService.shutdown();
}
}
@Slf4j
@RequiredArgsConstructor
class Worker implements Runnable{
private final String teamName;
private final String workerName;
private final CountDownLatch latch;
private final long index;
@Override
public void run() {
log.info("{}-{}-{}:\"I am penalty kicker.\"", teamName, workerName, index);
try {
log.info("{}-{}-{}:\"I am thinking which direction to shoot at.\"", teamName, workerName, index);
//越到后来主罚点球的队员思考时间越长,压力很大
Thread.sleep(index*1000);
log.info("{}-{}-{}:\"OK. Decided\"", teamName, workerName, index);
if(index >= CountDownLatchStudy.CHANGE_ROUND && teamName.compareTo(CountDownLatchStudy.TEAM1) == 0){
//设定阿贾克斯的第六名队员射失点球,有点黑哨的嫌疑
log.info("{}-{}-{}:\"Oh. No! I missed\"", teamName, workerName, index);
}else {
log.info("{}-{}-{}:\"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!\"", teamName, workerName, index);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
} finally{
//主罚完毕,计数器减一
latch.countDown();
}
}
}
执行结果
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Bertrand Traore-0:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Bertrand Traore-0:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Bertrand Traore-0:"OK. Decided"
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Bertrand Traore-0:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Wayne Rooney-0:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Wayne Rooney-0:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Wayne Rooney-0:"OK. Decided"
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Wayne Rooney-0:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Frenkie de Jong-1:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:06.789 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Frenkie de Jong-1:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:07.780 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Frenkie de Jong-1:"OK. Decided"
17:24:07.780 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Frenkie de Jong-1:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:07.780 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Paul Pogba-1:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:07.780 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Paul Pogba-1:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:08.781 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Paul Pogba-1:"OK. Decided"
17:24:08.781 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Paul Pogba-1:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:08.781 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Donny van de Beek-2:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:08.781 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Donny van de Beek-2:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:10.781 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Donny van de Beek-2:"OK. Decided"
17:24:10.781 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Donny van de Beek-2:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:10.782 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Michael Carrick-2:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:10.782 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Michael Carrick-2:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:12.782 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Michael Carrick-2:"OK. Decided"
17:24:12.783 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Michael Carrick-2:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:12.783 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Davy Klaassen-3:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:12.783 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Davy Klaassen-3:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:15.783 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Davy Klaassen-3:"OK. Decided"
17:24:15.783 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Davy Klaassen-3:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:15.784 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Chris Smalling-3:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:15.784 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Chris Smalling-3:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:18.791 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Chris Smalling-3:"OK. Decided"
17:24:18.791 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Chris Smalling-3:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:18.792 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Davinson Sanchez-4:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:18.792 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Davinson Sanchez-4:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:22.798 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Davinson Sanchez-4:"OK. Decided"
17:24:22.798 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Davinson Sanchez-4:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:22.798 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera-4:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:22.799 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera-4:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:26.799 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera-4:"OK. Decided"
17:24:26.799 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Luis Antonio Valencia Mosquera-4:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:26.799 [main] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.CountDownLatchStudy - The team who missed will immediately lose the game after five rounds
17:24:26.799 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Joel Veltman-5:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:26.799 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Joel Veltman-5:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:31.800 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Joel Veltman-5:"OK. Decided"
17:24:31.800 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - AFC Ajax-Joel Veltman-5:"Oh. No! I missed"
17:24:31.800 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Marcos Rojo-5:"I am penalty kicker."
17:24:31.800 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Marcos Rojo-5:"I am thinking which direction to shoot at."
17:24:36.801 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Marcos Rojo-5:"OK. Decided"
17:24:36.801 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.Worker - Machester United-Marcos Rojo-5:"Goal!Goal!Goal!Alei!Alei!Alei!"
17:24:36.801 [main] INFO person.qzq.mutithread.countdownlatch.CountDownLatchStudy - The game is over. The winner is Machester United! Congratuation!!
代码说明:
这个模拟了足球的点球大战程序,马上不久就要进行欧联杯决赛了,对阵双方是曼联和阿贾克斯两只球队。点球大战的规则是:双方互射5轮点球,如果双方分出胜负,则终止比赛;如果双方射中的数字一致,则进入下一轮,如果有一方射失点球,而另一方射中,则比赛立刻终止。
程序中,在第五轮点球互射完成后,双方比分一致。则打印出进入规则转换的第六轮的日志;这时计数器已经随着比赛的进行,十名球员已经踢完,第一个计数器解锁成功,继续往下执行。
进入第六轮之后,阿贾克斯球员罚失点球,曼联球员罚进点球,第二个计数器解锁成功,打印出获胜方是曼联,恭喜他们的日志。