python数组处理：最值与下标

最大值的下标

winner = np.argmax(scores)

多个最大值的下标
（np.argwhere返回数组中非0元素的索引）

winners = np.argwhere(scores == np.amax(scores))
winners = winners.flatten()

数组排序并返回原下标

lst = np.array([0.2,0.3,0.1,0.4,0.5])
import numpy as np
lst_sorted = np.sort(lst) # small to large
seq = np.argsort(lst) # lst[seq[i]] ranks i (seq[0] indicates the smallest element)
rank = np.argsort(seq)+1 # score of sorting,  the lst[i] ranks rank[i] (rank[i]=0 indicates the samllest element is lst[i])
'''another method'''
from operator import itemgetter
seq, lst_sorted = zip(*sorted(enumerate(lst), key=itemgetter(1)))

元素逐个求平方

err=[num*num for num in Lst]

创建空list矩阵

Lst= [[] for _ in range(K)]

Lst= lsts = [[[] for _ in range(b)] for _ in range(a)]

列表中不重复元素的个数

a = ['lunch', 'afternoon', 'lunch', 'dinner', 'dinner', 'dawn', 'lunch']
print(len(set(a)))  # 4

axis=0代表行向，=1代表列向

a = [[1,2],[3,4]]
print(np.sum(a,axis=0))
[4 6]
print(np.sum(a,axis=1))
[3 7]

倒序输出

idx = np.arange(5)
print(idx)
print(idx[::-1])