Hibernate One class to two table or Two class to one table

利用Hibernate可以很方便地将对象持久化。但有时候，我们想要将一个class持久化成2张表，这往往是为了数据库的范式需求。

而有时候，我们可能希望将2个class持久化到一张表中去。

利用Hibernate可以很方便的实现。

1. One class to two table

比如我们有一个Cusutomer 类，有以下这些属性，我们想要让customerId, customerName放到一张表中去，其他的属性放到CustomerDetail表中去。

	private int customerId;
	private String customerName;
	private String customerAddress;
	private int creditScore;
	private int rewardPoints;

为了实现这个，我们需要告诉hibernate我们要创建哪两张表和class属性分别属于哪个表。

package com.hibernate.chapter2;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.SecondaryTable;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="Customer")
@SecondaryTable(name="CustomerInfo")
public class Customer {
	private int customerId;
	private String customerName;
	private String customerAddress;
	private int creditScore;
	private int rewardPoints;
	
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getCustomerId() {
		return customerId;
	}
	public void setCustomerId(int customerId) {
		this.customerId = customerId;
	}
	public String getCustomerName() {
		return customerName;
	}
	public void setCustomerName(String customerName) {
		this.customerName = customerName;
	}
	
	@Column(table="CustomerInfo")
	public String getCustomerAddress() {
		return customerAddress;
	}
	public void setCustomerAddress(String customerAddress) {
		this.customerAddress = customerAddress;
	}
	
	@Column(table="CustomerInfo")
	public int getCreditScore() {
		return creditScore;
	}
	public void setCreditScore(int creditScore) {
		this.creditScore = creditScore;
	}
	
	@Column(table="CustomerInfo")
	public int getRewardPoints() {
		return rewardPoints;
	}
	public void setRewardPoints(int rewardPoints) {
		this.rewardPoints = rewardPoints;
	}
}

在上面的代码中我们要生成2个表，Customer 和 CustomerInfo。同时指明了某些column要放到CustomerInfo表中。 不指明，就是默认放到第一张表中去。

最后我们看生成的表的情况：Customer的主键是customerId，CustomerInfo的外键是Customer表中的customerId。

2. Two class to one table

比如我们有2个class：

School:

	private int schoolId;
	private String schoolName;

SchoolDetail

	private String  schoolAddress;
	private boolean isPublicSchool;
	private int studentCount;

我们想要将这两个class持久化到同一张表中去。

我们先想想，如果没有hibernate的话，我们会怎么实现。

在创建表的时候，我们想把2个class中属性都作为table的column。

在insert record的时候，我们会将2个class中的属性值都放在一起insert。

hibernate的实现也是类似，它是将一个class当做主class，将另一个class相放到这个主class中去(embed)。

主class School.java代码：

package com.hibernate.chapter3;

import javax.persistence.Embedded;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class School {
	private int schoolId;
	private String schoolName;
	
	@Embedded
	private SchoolDetail schoolDetail;
	
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getSchoolId() {
		return schoolId;
	}
	public void setSchoolId(int schoolId) {
		this.schoolId = schoolId;
	}
	public String getSchoolName() {
		return schoolName;
	}
	public void setSchoolName(String schoolName) {
		this.schoolName = schoolName;
	}
	public SchoolDetail getSchoolDetail() {
		return schoolDetail;
	}
	public void setSchoolDetail(SchoolDetail schoolDetail) {
		this.schoolDetail = schoolDetail;
	}
}

嵌入的class SchoolDetail.java

package com.hibernate.chapter3;

import javax.persistence.Embeddable;

@Embeddable
public class SchoolDetail {
	private String  schoolAddress;
	private boolean isPublicSchool;
	private int studentCount;
	public String getSchoolAddress() {
		return schoolAddress;
	}
	public void setSchoolAddress(String schoolAddress) {
		this.schoolAddress = schoolAddress;
	}

	public int getStudentCount() {
		return studentCount;
	}
	public void setStudentCount(int studentCount) {
		this.studentCount = studentCount;
	}
	public boolean isPublicSchool() {
		return isPublicSchool;
	}
	public void setPublicSchool(boolean isPublicSchool) {
		this.isPublicSchool = isPublicSchool;
	}
}

insert record 代码：

package com.hibernate.chapter3;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;

public class TestSchool {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		AnnotationConfiguration config = new AnnotationConfiguration();
		config.addAnnotatedClass(School.class);// ask hibernate to persistent this class
		config.configure();//default will read hibernate.cfg.xml 
		new SchemaExport(config).create(true, true);//create table, first Boolean means print sql to the log file, second Boolean means execute sql
		//insert record
		
		SessionFactory factory = config.buildSessionFactory();
		Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		
		SchoolDetail schoolDetial = new SchoolDetail();
		schoolDetial.setSchoolAddress("Shanghai");
		schoolDetial.setPublicSchool(true);
		schoolDetial.setStudentCount(500);
		
		School school = new School();
		school.setSchoolName("school name");
		school.setSchoolDetail(schoolDetial);
	
		session.save(school);//associate alex instance with hibernate
		session.getTransaction().commit();//will execute sql
		
	}

}