Hibernate Mapping 1 : OneToOne

Hibernate的目的是帮助我们更好地持久化实体（Entity)。

实体与实体的间的关系一般有3种。

1对1：比如一个人有也只会有一个自己的详细信息，可以对应Person 和 PersonDetail类，Person与PersonDetail是1对1的关联。

1对多：比如一个大学可以有很多的学生，可以对应College和Student类，College和Student是1对多的关联。

多对多：比如有好几项任务，每个人可以接多个任务，一个任务可以由多人做，对应于Event 和 Delegate, Event和Delegate是多对多的关联。

实体有这些关系，我们希望Hibernate也能帮助我们处理这些关系。

hibernate处理1对1，Person和PersonDetail类：

核心的步骤有3步：（比如Person ->PersonDetail建立关联）

1. 将想要关联的类的实例作为私有变量:

   private PersionDetail pDetail;

2.  在pDetail的get函数前加OneToOne标注，这个标注有2个属性 cascade 和 fetch

     cascade指明如果person记录被操作了，pDetail记录要不要进行相应操作。

     fetch指明如果person记录load进来了，关联的pDetail记录要不要load，默认load。

3. Person会默认创建执行PersonDetail的外键，我们可以给它一个新的名字(pDetail_FK)帮助我们理解代码。

Person.java

package com.hibernate.onetoonemapping;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;

@Entity
public class Person {
	private int personId;
	private String personName;
	private PersionDetail pDetail;//add PersonDetail instance to create a relation
	
	@OneToOne(cascade=CascadeType.ALL, fetch=FetchType.EAGER)//cascade: if person record is manipulated (deleted), 
	//person detail record will also be manipulated, fetch: if fetch person record, need to fetch person detail record?
	@JoinColumn(name="pDetail_FK") //Person will have a foreign key refer to PersonDetail record
	public PersionDetail getpDetail() {
		return pDetail;
	}
	public void setpDetail(PersionDetail pDetail) {
		this.pDetail = pDetail;
	}
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	public int getPersonId() {
		return personId;
	}
	public void setPersonId(int personId) {
		this.personId = personId;
	}
	public String getPersonName() {
		return personName;
	}
	public void setPersonName(String personName) {
		this.personName = personName;
	}
}

PersonDetail.java

package com.hibernate.onetoonemapping;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;

@Entity
public class PersionDetail {
	private int personDetailId;
	private String zipCode;
	private String job;
	private double income;
	
	//generate bi-directional relationship
	private Person Person;
	@OneToOne(mappedBy="pDetail", cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
	public Person getPerson() {
		return Person;
	}
	public void setPerson(Person person) {
		Person = person;
	}
	
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue
	@Column(name="detailId_PK")
	public int getPersonDetailId() {
		return personDetailId;
	}
	public void setPersonDetailId(int personDetailId) {
		this.personDetailId = personDetailId;
	}
	public String getZipCode() {
		return zipCode;
	}
	public void setZipCode(String zipCode) {
		this.zipCode = zipCode;
	}
	public String getJob() {
		return job;
	}
	public void setJob(String job) {
		this.job = job;
	}
	public double getIncome() {
		return income;
	}
	public void setIncome(double income) {
		this.income = income;
	}
}

TestPerson.java

package com.hibernate.onetoonemapping;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration;
import org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaExport;

public class TestPerson {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		AnnotationConfiguration config = new AnnotationConfiguration();
		config.addAnnotatedClass(Person.class);// ask hibernate to persistent this class
		config.addAnnotatedClass(PersionDetail.class);// ask hibernate to persistent this class

		config.configure();//default will read hibernate.cfg.xml 
		new SchemaExport(config).create(true, true);//create table, first Boolean means print sql to the log file, second Boolean means execute sql
		//insert record
	
		SessionFactory factory = config.buildSessionFactory();
		Session session = factory.getCurrentSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		
		PersionDetail alexDetail = new PersionDetail();
		alexDetail.setZipCode("abc");
		alexDetail.setJob("Programmer");
		alexDetail.setIncome(10000);
		
		Person alex = new Person();
		alex.setPersonName("Alex");
		alex.setpDetail(alexDetail);
		
		session.save(alex);
		// no need if we set cascadeType
		// session.save(alexDetail);
		session.getTransaction().commit();//will execute sql
	}

}