IOS NSString

	//NSString 操作均不改变自身值
	//构建字符串
	NSString *szTmp = @"A string";		//直接赋值
	szTmp = nil;
	
	int n = 5;
	NSString *szMyString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"The number is %d",n];	//The number is 5
	[szMyString stringByAppendingFormat:@"%d",22];	//附加字符串返回值：The number is 522
													//但是szMyString本身并没有改变，其值依然：The number is 5	

	//长度与索引字符
	NSLog(@"%d",szMyString.length);					//字符串长度：15
	NSLog(@"%c",[szMyString characterAtIndex:2]);	//返回字符:e
	

	//与c字符串相互转换
	printf("%s\n",[szMyString UTF8String]);			//转为__strong const char *
	const char *szTmp1 = [szMyString cStringUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
	printf("%s\n",szTmp1);							//转为__strong const char *
	
	NSLog(@"%@",[NSString stringWithCString:szTmp1 encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);	//转为nsstring
	

	//字符串写文件
	NSError *error;
	NSString *szPath = [NSHomeDirectory()			//应用程序沙盒路径
						stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents/testFile.txt"];	//附加路径地址
	if (![szMyString writeToFile:szPath atomically:YES	//atomically:是否是原子访问文件的
						encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:&error]) {			//写入成功返回yes 否则no
		NSLog(@"Error writing to file :%@",[error localizedDescription]);		//输出错误描述
		return 1;
	}
	NSLog(@"File write success");
	

	//文件读字符串
	NSString *szInString = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:szPath			//读取文件信息
							encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:&error];
	if (!szInString)
	{
		//失败
	}
	NSLog(@"%@",szInString);		//成功
	

	//字符串转为数组
	NSArray *arrayWord = [szMyString componentsSeparatedByString:@" "];	//有空格的拆分为单词保存
	NSLog(@"%@",arrayWord);
	

	//索引子串
	NSString *szSub1 = [szMyString substringToIndex:3];		//0－2,前3个:The
	NSLog(@"%@",szSub1);
	
	NSString *szSub2 = [szMyString substringFromIndex:4];	//4－尾，去掉前4个:number is 5
	NSLog(@"%@",szSub2);
	

	//范围索引
	NSRange range;
	range.location = 4;		//从4开始
	range.length = 6;		//6个字符
	NSString *szSub3 = [szMyString substringWithRange:range];		//number
	NSLog(@"%@",szSub3);
	

	//搜索与替换
	NSRange rangeSearch = [szMyString rangeOfString:@"is 5"];	//搜索
	if (rangeSearch.location != NSNotFound) {			//搜索不到是 NSNotFound
		//成功：rangeSearch.location;//位置 rangeSearch.length;//长度
	}
	
	NSLog(@"%@",[szMyString stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:rangeSearch		//用位置匹配替换
													withString:@"isn't 10"]);
	
	NSString *szReplaced = [szMyString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@"*"];	//匹配字符串替换
	NSLog(@"%@",szReplaced);
	

	//改变大小写
	NSLog(@"%@",[szMyString uppercaseString]);		//大写
	NSLog(@"%@",[szMyString lowercaseString]);		//小写
	NSLog(@"%@",[szMyString capitalizedString]);	//首字母大写
	

	//比较字符串
	NSString *sz1 = @"Hello World!";
	NSString *sz2 = @"Hello Mom!";
	if ([sz1 isEqualToString:sz2]) {/*相等*/}
	if ([sz1 hasPrefix:@"Hello"]) {NSLog(@"前部分相等");}		//从头开始比较
	if ([sz1 hasSuffix:@"d!"]) {NSLog(@"后部分相等");}		//从尾部比较
	

	//字符串转换数字
	NSString *szNumber = @"3.14";
	[szNumber intValue];
	[szNumber boolValue];
	[szNumber floatValue];
	[szNumber doubleValue];
	

	//可变字符串
	NSMutableString *szMuMyString = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"Hello"];
	[szMuMyString appendFormat:@"World"];		//字符串，改变自身
	[szMuMyString uppercaseString];
	NSLog(@"%@",szMuMyString);