c++ getline()和istringstream

istringstream对象可以绑定一行字符串，然后以空格为分隔符把该行分隔开来。

#include<iostream>
#include<sstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	string str, line;
	while(getline(cin, line))
	{
		istringstream stream(line);
		while(stream>>str)
			cout<<str.c_str()<<endl;
	}
	return 0;
}
/*input：
abc   df   e              efgeg      ffg

ouput：
abc
df
e
efgeg
ffg
*/

C++中有两个getline函数，这两个函数分别定义在不同的头文件中。

1.getline()是定义在<string>中的一个行数，用于输入一行string，以enter结束。

函数原型：getline(cin,str);
cin: istream类的输入流对象
str: 待输入的string对象

example 1:

//istringstream对象可以绑定一行字符串，然后以空格为分隔符把该行分隔开来。
//《C++ primary plus》第四章编程练习题1
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
string fname;
string lname;
char grade;
int age;
int main()
{
   cout<<"What is your first name?"<<endl;
   getline(cin,fname);
   cout<<"What is your last name?"<<endl;
   getline(cin,lname);
   cout<<"What letter grade do you deserve?"<<endl;
   cin>>grade;
   cout<<"What is your age?"<<endl;
   cin>>age;
   cout<<"Name:"<<lname<<","<<fname<<endl<<"Grade:"   <<grade<<endl<<"Age:"<<age<<endl;
   return 0;
}

cin.getline(char ch[],size)是cin 的一个成员函数，定义在<iostream>中，用于输入行指定size的字符串，以enter结束。若输入长度超出size，则不再接受后续的输入。

example 2:

//《C++ primary plus》第四章编程练习题1
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
char fname[5];
char lname[5];
char grade;
int age;
int main()
{
    cout<<"What is your first name?"<<endl;
    cin.getline(fname,5);
    cout<<"What is your last name?"<<endl;
    cin.getline(lname,5);
    cout<<"What letter grade do you deserve?"<<endl;
    cin>>grade;
    cout<<"What is your age?"<<endl;
    cin>>age;
    cout<<"Name:"<<lname<<","<<fname<<endl<<"Grade:"<<grade<<endl<<"Age:"<<age<<endl;
    return 0;
}