Ubuntu18.04安装和使用Mysql数据库

1、共8个命令即可完成安装

参考

命令1

下载安装mysql的服务端：

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

命令2

切换成root用户后执行下面的命令，否则可能权限不够，想换回普通用户只需ctrl+D

sudo su -    

命令3

下载安装mysql的客户端：

sudo apt-get install mysql-client

命令4

sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

命令5

安装netstat

sudo apt install net-tools  

命令6

用netstat查看mysql是否安装成功

sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql  

结果如下：

root@dj:~# sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
tcp        0      0 localhost:mysql         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      31100/mysqld 

命令7

查看mysql工作状态，如果没有成功，输入命令：sudo systemctl start mysql尝试

systemctl status mysql.service 

结果如下：

root@dj:~# systemctl status mysql.service
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2020-05-01 15:06:16 CST; 2h 28min ago
 Main PID: 31100 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27 (limit: 4915)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
           └─31100 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

5月 01 15:06:15 dj systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
5月 01 15:06:16 dj systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

命令8

mysql -u root -p #进入数据库

其中 -u 表示选择登陆的用户名，-p 表示登陆的用户密码，输入密码后就可以登录到mysql中，第一次登录，密码为空，啥都不用输入，直接回车，就好了。

结果如下：

root@dj:~# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.29-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

2、找回root用户的登录密码

参考

Ubuntu在安装MySQL时会为用户创建一个debian-sys-maint用户我们可以通过这个用户来设置

2.1 查看debian-sys-maint密码

sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf

出现以下内容，注意里面包含密码：

dj@dj:~$ sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = WticbBDLIn7Irj3W
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = WticbBDLIn7Irj3W
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

2.2 登录debian-sys-maint用户

mysql -u debian-sys-maint -p

注意:此时密码为刚刚查到的密码

现在我们已经登录到MySQL了

2.3 设置root密码

use mysql;

update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('b307b307') where user='root' and Host ='localhost';

update user set plugin='mysql_native_password';

flush privileges;

quit;

然后重新登录：

mysql -u root -p #进入数据库

出现以下内容，表明成功登入：

dj@dj:~$ mysql -u root -p 
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.7.29-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

OK! 问题解决了

3、卸载Mysql并重新安装

三套组合拳打完Mysql才算卸载后安装成功。

第一套组合拳：