Numpy中的arange函数使用

numpy.arange([start, ]stop, [step, ]dtype=None)

Return evenly spaced values(均匀间隔的值) within a given interval.

Values are generated within the half-open interval [start, stop) (in other words, the interval including start but excluding stop). For integer arguments the function is equivalent to the Python built-in range function, but returns an ndarray rather than a list(对于整数参数这个函数等于python内置的range函数，但返回值是ndarray而不是list).

Parameters:

• start : number, optional
  Start of interval. The interval includes this value. The default start value is 0(默认值为0).
• stop : number
  End of interval. The interval does not include this value(区间不包括该值), except in some cases where step is not an integer and floating point round-off affects the length of out(除了步长非整数和浮点数舍入影响out长度).
• step : number, optional
  Spacing between values(值之间的间隔). For any output out, this is the distance between two adjacent values, out[i+1] - out[i]. The default step size is 1(默认步长为1). If step is specified, start must also be given(如果step指明，那start必须给出).
• dtype : dtype
  The type of the output array. If dtype is not given, infer the data type from the other input arguments(如果dtype未给出，那么数据类型参考其它输入参数).

Returns:

• arange : ndarray
  Array of evenly spaced values

Examples:

>>> np.arange(3)
array([0, 1, 2])    # 默认步长为1，不包括3
>>> np.arange(3.0)
array([ 0.,  1.,  2.]) # dtype参考输入参数
>>> np.arange(3.1)
array([ 0.,  1.,  2.,  3.]) # 步长为1，浮点数舍去
>>> np.arange(3,7)
array([3, 4, 5, 6])

>>> np.arange(3, 7.1)
array([ 3.,  4.,  5.,  6.,  7.])

>>> np.arange(3.0, 7)
array([ 3.,  4.,  5.,  6.])

>>> np.arange(3, 7.0, 2)
array([ 3.,  5.])

>>> np.arange(3, 7.1, 2)
array([ 3.,  5.,  7.])