委托是包含方法引用的引用类型,可以认为是指向函数的指针,不是直接调用该函数,而是使用委托指向该函数。委托可有效的实现回调功能。
事件就是一个狭义的委托,也就是事件是一个用于事件驱动模型的专用委托。
委托是对函数的封装,可以当作给方法的特征指定一个名称。事件是委托的一种特殊形式,当发生有意义的事情时,事件对象处理通知过程。
委托实现事件,对于事件来说,区别在于不可以用=运算符将委托直接赋给事件,而必须使用+=运算符,用于订阅。将委托定义为事件可以确保某个客户端订阅一个事件,则另一个客户端将不能够设置该委托为空(或设置其为另一个委托)。
(1)使用委托与事件
public partial class MainForm : Form
{
public MainForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
string docFilePath = "";
private void RunMenu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
FrmResult frm = new FrmResult();
frm.myevent +=new FrmResult.MyEventHandler(frm_myevent);
frm.ShowDialog();
frm.myevent -= new FrmResult.MyEventHandler(frm_myevent);
}
private void frm_myevent(string fileName)
{
docFilePath = fileName;
this.webBrowser1.Url = new Uri(docFilePath );
}
}
public partial class FrmResult : Form
{
public delegate void MyEventHandler(string fileName);
public event MyEventHandler myevent;
public FrmResult()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public void OnMyevent(string fileName)
{
myevent(fileName);
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OnMyevent("**");
}
}
(2)只使用委托
public partial class MainForm : Form
{
public MainForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
string docFilePath = "";
private void RunMenu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
FrmResult frm = new FrmResult();
frm.myevent =new FrmResult.MyEventHandler(frm_myevent);
frm.ShowDialog();
}
private void frm_myevent(string fileName)
{
docFilePath = fileName;
this.webBrowser1.Url = new Uri(docFilePath);
}
}
public partial class FrmResult : Form
{
public delegate void MyEventHandler(string fileName);
public MyEventHandler myevent;
public FrmResult()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public void OnMyevent(string fileName)
{
myevent(fileName);
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
OnMyevent("**");
}
}
(3)只使用事件定义,(EventHandler)
public partial class MainForm : Form
{
public MainForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
string docFilePath = "";
private void RunMenu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
FrmResult frm = new FrmResult();
frm.myevent += new EventHandler(frm_myevent);
frm.ShowDialog();
}
private void frm_myevent(object sender,EventArgs e)
{
docFilePath = ((FrmResult)sender).FilePath;
this.webBrowser1.Url = new Uri(docFilePath);
}
}
public partial class FrmResult : Form
{
public event EventHandler myevent;
public string FilePath { get; set; }
public FrmResult()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
FilePath = "**";
myevent(this ,EventArgs.Empty);
}
}