文章目录
Dubbo介绍
Dubbo 是一个分布式服务框架,致力于提供高性能和透明化的 RPC 远程服务调用方案,是阿里巴巴 SOA 服务化治理方案的核心框架,每天为 2,000+ 个服务提供 3,000,000,000+ 次访问量支持,并被广泛应用于阿里巴巴集团的各成员站点。
Dubbo 采用全Spring配置方式,透明化接入应用,对应用没有任何API侵入,只需用Spring加载Dubbo的配置即可,Dubbo基于Spring的Schema扩展进行加载。
执行流程
节点 | 角色说明 |
---|---|
Container | 服务运行的容器 |
Provider | 服务提供者 |
Registry | 注册中心 |
Consumer | 服务消费者 |
Monitor | 统计服务的调用次数和调用时间的监控中心 |
- 将服务提供者运行在容器中(如tomcat)
- 服务提供者在容器中注册服务
- 消费者找到注册中心消费具体服务
- 注册中心返回给消费者需要的服务
- 消费者调用服务
- 记录本次调用
使用
Dubbo需要三个模块
- Provider(服务提供者)
- Comsumer(消费者)
- API接口
结构预览
1. 注册中心
注册中心使用zookeeper,如未安装请百度。
启动zookeeper,作者2181端口
2. 创建父项目
- pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>dubbo_test</groupId>
<artifactId>cn.zhangxing.dubbo</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>api</module>
<module>comsumer</module>
<module>provider</module>
</modules>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.9</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
3. API模块
- 创建服务接口
package com.zhangxing.dubbo.service;
/**
* @author zhangxing
* @date 2019/2/24
*/
public interface DubboService {
String say(String msg);
}
- pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cn.zhangxing.dubbo</artifactId>
<groupId>dubbo_test</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>api</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
4. Provider模块
- pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cn.zhangxing.dubbo</artifactId>
<groupId>dubbo_test</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>provider</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>dubbo_test</groupId>
<artifactId>api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
- DubboServiceImpl.java
实现了API模块中的接口,用于暴露给消费者使用
PS : @Service中需要指明id,后面有用
package com.zhangxing.dubbo.service.impl;
import com.zhangxing.dubbo.service.DubboService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @author zhangxing
* @date 2019/2/24
*/
@Service("dubboServiceImpl")
public class DubboServiceImpl implements DubboService {
@Override
public String say(String msg) {
return "hello " + msg;
}
}
- applicationContext.xml
此处与spring集成
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 扫描包加载Service实现类 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhangxing.dubbo.service.impl"/>
<!-- 应用名 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-provider"/>
<!-- 连接到注册中心zookeeper,地址为127.0.0.1:2181 -->
<!-- 也可以写成<dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/> -->
<dubbo:registry address="127.0.0.1:2181" protocol="zookeeper"/>
<!-- 用dubbo协议在12345端口暴露服务 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="12345"/>
<!-- 声明需要暴露的服务接口 -->
<!-- dubboServiceImpl是DubboService接口的实现类 -->
<!-- 所以在service包中的@Service应该指明id,如@Service("dubboServiceImpl") -->
<dubbo:service interface="com.zhangxing.dubbo.service.DubboService" ref="dubboServiceImpl" timeout="60000"/>
</beans>
最后一行的dubboServiceImpl来自@Service中指明的id
- web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 解决post乱码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
5. Comsumer模块
- pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cn.zhangxing.dubbo</artifactId>
<groupId>dubbo_test</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<artifactId>comsumer</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>dubbo_test</groupId>
<artifactId>api</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
- DubboController.java
注入从提供者获取到的服务dubboService
package com.zhangxing.dubbo;
import com.zhangxing.dubbo.service.DubboService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
/**
* @author zhangxing
* @date 2019/2/24
*/
@Controller
public class DubboController {
@Autowired
private DubboService dubboService;
@RequestMapping(value = "/say")
@ResponseBody
public String say(String msg) {
String result = dubboService.say(msg);
return result;
}
}
- spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 扫描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhangxing.dubbo"/>
<context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 应用名 -->
<dubbo:application name="dubbo-comsumer"/>
<!-- 连接到哪个注册中心-->
<dubbo:registry address="127.0.0.1:2181" protocol="zookeeper"/>
<!-- 消费者使用什么协议+端口获取服务 -->
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="12345"/>
<!-- 提供哪些接口给消费者调用 -->
<dubbo:reference id="dubboService" interface="com.zhangxing.dubbo.service.DubboService"/>
</beans>
- web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 解决post乱码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
测试
1. 运行zookeeper
此处跳过
2. 启动Provider模块
HTTP端口8080
JMX端口1099
3. 启动comsumer模块
请避开HTTP端口和JMX端口冲突
HTTP端口8081
JMX端口1098
4. 输入地址
http://localhost:8081/say?msg=world
网页输出:hello world
测试成功