coreutils8.32 hostid命令和源码分析

/* 打印数字主机标识符 */
/* print the hexadecimal identifier for the current host

   Copyright (C) 1997-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

/* Written by Jim Meyering.  */

#include <config.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

#include "system.h"
#include "long-options.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "quote.h"

/* The official name of this program (e.g., no 'g' prefix).  */
#define PROGRAM_NAME "hostid" /* 程序名 */

#define AUTHORS proper_name ("Jim Meyering") /* 作者名 */

/* 用法函数 */
void
usage (int status)
{
  if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
    emit_try_help ();
  else
    {
      printf (_("\
Usage: %s [OPTION]\n\
Print the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) for the current host.\n\
\n\
"), program_name);
      fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
      fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
      emit_ancillary_info (PROGRAM_NAME);
    }
  exit (status);
}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  unsigned int id; /* 用于保存gethostid获取的id */

  /* 初始化 */
  initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
  set_program_name (argv[0]);
  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
  bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
  textdomain (PACKAGE);

  atexit (close_stdout);

  /* POSIX要求的,主要处理--help和--version */
  parse_gnu_standard_options_only (argc, argv, PROGRAM_NAME, PACKAGE_NAME,
                                   Version, true, usage, AUTHORS,
                                   (char const *) NULL);

  /* 检测选项处理 */
  if (optind < argc)
    {
      error (0, 0, _("extra operand %s"), quote (argv[optind]));
      usage (EXIT_FAILURE);
    }


  /********************************** 核心代码 **********************************************/
  id = gethostid (); /* 获取主机标识符 */

  /* POSIX says gethostid returns a "32-bit identifier" but is silent
     whether it's sign-extended.  Turn off any sign-extension.  This
     is a no-op unless unsigned int is wider than 32 bits.  */
  id &= 0xffffffff; /* 主要处理兼容性和错误问题,怕某些主机上unsigned int类型不大于32位 */

  printf ("%08x\n", id); /* x代表以十六进制输出,08代表输出8位 */

  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
  /********************************** 核心代码END **********************************************/
}

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