Tweened animations 动画原理简单分析

1、view动画的包结构

Tween 动画是建立在View的级别上的，在 View 类中有一个接口 startAnimation 来使动画开始，startAnimation 函数会将一个 Animation类别的参数传给 View，这个 Animation 是用来指定我们使用的是哪种动画，现有的动画有平移，缩放，旋转以及 alpha 变换等。如果需要更复杂的效果，可以将这些动画组合起来。（来源： http://www.cnblogs.com/zxcblog/p/3259920.html）




我的理解:当对view设置了动画，开启后，View 就开始在设定的时间内开始不停的刷新，在刷新的过程中通过对Animation

protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {
    }

的overriade ,通过对Transformation的设置，可以对在View绘制的过程中通过调用，对alpha和Matrix进行设置的值，达到对View绘制过程中的动画的效果。

2、AlphaAnimation的源码

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.util.AttributeSet;

/**
 * An animation that controls the alpha level of an object.
 * Useful for fading things in and out. This animation ends up
 * changing the alpha property of a {@link Transformation}
 *
 */
public class AlphaAnimation extends Animation {
    private float mFromAlpha;
    private float mToAlpha;

    /**
     * Constructor used when an AlphaAnimation is loaded from a resource. 
     * 
     * @param context Application context to use
     * @param attrs Attribute set from which to read values
     */
    public AlphaAnimation(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        
        TypedArray a =
            context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, com.android.internal.R.styleable.AlphaAnimation);
        
        mFromAlpha = a.getFloat(com.android.internal.R.styleable.AlphaAnimation_fromAlpha, 1.0f);
        mToAlpha = a.getFloat(com.android.internal.R.styleable.AlphaAnimation_toAlpha, 1.0f);
        
        a.recycle();
    }
    
    /**
     * Constructor to use when building an AlphaAnimation from code
     * 
     * @param fromAlpha Starting alpha value for the animation, where 1.0 means
     *        fully opaque and 0.0 means fully transparent.
     * @param toAlpha Ending alpha value for the animation.
     */
    public AlphaAnimation(float fromAlpha, float toAlpha) {
        mFromAlpha = fromAlpha;
        mToAlpha = toAlpha;
    }
    
    /**
     * Changes the alpha property of the supplied {@link Transformation}
	 * 通过对 Transformation 达到对view的alpha的控制
     */
    @Override
    protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation t) {
        final float alpha = mFromAlpha;
        t.setAlpha(alpha + ((mToAlpha - alpha) * interpolatedTime));
    }

    @Override
    public boolean willChangeTransformationMatrix() {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean willChangeBounds() {
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * @hide
     */
    @Override
    public boolean hasAlpha() {
        return true;
    }
}

我们可以看到，只要继承于Animation，override applyTransformation 这个方法，就可以自定义自己所需要的动画的效果。

同样AlphaAnimation 渐变透明度，RotateAnimation 画面旋转 ，ScaleAnimation 渐变尺寸缩放，TranslateAnimation 位置移动。

都是这样实现其动画的效果的。

3、Transformation

定义被应用到一个时间点上的  transformation的Animation。

4、其调用的源码的流程的分析 

当view.startAnimation(animayion)后

/**
     * Start the specified animation now.
     *
     * @param animation the animation to start now
     */
    public void startAnimation(Animation animation) {
        animation.setStartTime(Animation.START_ON_FIRST_FRAME);
        setAnimation(animation);
        invalidateParentCaches();
        invalidate(true);
    }

通过 setAnimation(animation); 将animation的参数设置到view当中

**
     * Sets the next animation to play for this view.
     * If you want the animation to play immediately, use
     * {@link #startAnimation(android.view.animation.Animation)} instead.
     * This method provides allows fine-grained
     * control over the start time and invalidation, but you
     * must make sure that 1) the animation has a start time set, and
     * 2) the view's parent (which controls animations on its children)
     * will be invalidated when the animation is supposed to
     * start.
     *
     * @param animation The next animation, or null.
     */
    public void setAnimation(Animation animation) {
        mCurrentAnimation = animation;

        if (animation != null) {
            // If the screen is off assume the animation start time is now instead of
            // the next frame we draw. Keeping the START_ON_FIRST_FRAME start time
            // would cause the animation to start when the screen turns back on
            if (mAttachInfo != null && !mAttachInfo.mScreenOn &&
                    animation.getStartTime() == Animation.START_ON_FIRST_FRAME) {
                animation.setStartTime(AnimationUtils.currentAnimationTimeMillis());
            }
            animation.reset();
        }
    }

通过 mCurrentAnimation = animation;  分配给 view当前的animation

/**
     * Get the animation currently associated with this view.
     *
     * @return The animation that is currently playing or
     *         scheduled to play for this view.
     */
    public Animation getAnimation() {
        return mCurrentAnimation;
    }

View中的  boolean draw(Canvas canvas, ViewGroup parent, long drawingTime) ，通过getAnimation()获取当前的view的animation，在通过             more = drawAnimation(parent, drawingTime, a, scalingRequired); 进行动画的绘制

 /**
     * This method is called by ViewGroup.drawChild() to have each child view draw itself.
     * This draw() method is an implementation detail and is not intended to be overridden or
     * to be called from anywhere else other than ViewGroup.drawChild().
     */
    boolean draw(Canvas canvas, ViewGroup parent, long drawingTime) {
      ...............

        final Animation a = getAnimation();
        if (a != null) {
            more = drawAnimation(parent, drawingTime, a, scalingRequired);
            concatMatrix = a.willChangeTransformationMatrix();
            if (concatMatrix) {
                mPrivateFlags3 |= PFLAG3_VIEW_IS_ANIMATING_TRANSFORM;
            }
            transformToApply = parent.getChildTransformation();
        } else {
          ...................

 /**
     * Utility function, called by draw(canvas, parent, drawingTime) to handle the less common
     * case of an active Animation being run on the view.
     */
    private boolean drawAnimation(ViewGroup parent, long drawingTime,
            Animation a, boolean scalingRequired) {
        Transformation invalidationTransform;
        final int flags = parent.mGroupFlags;
        final boolean initialized = a.isInitialized();
        if (!initialized) {
            a.initialize(mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop, parent.getWidth(), parent.getHeight());
            a.initializeInvalidateRegion(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop);
            if (mAttachInfo != null) a.setListenerHandler(mAttachInfo.mHandler);
            onAnimationStart();
        }

        final Transformation t = parent.getChildTransformation();
        boolean more = a.getTransformation(drawingTime, t, 1f);
        if (scalingRequired && mAttachInfo.mApplicationScale != 1f) {
            if (parent.mInvalidationTransformation == null) {
                parent.mInvalidationTransformation = new Transformation();
            }
            invalidationTransform = parent.mInvalidationTransformation;
            a.getTransformation(drawingTime, invalidationTransform, 1f);
        } else {
            invalidationTransform = t;
        }

        if (more) {
            if (!a.willChangeBounds()) {
                if ((flags & (ViewGroup.FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE | ViewGroup.FLAG_ANIMATION_DONE)) ==
                        ViewGroup.FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE) {
                    parent.mGroupFlags |= ViewGroup.FLAG_INVALIDATE_REQUIRED;
                } else if ((flags & ViewGroup.FLAG_INVALIDATE_REQUIRED) == 0) {
                    // The child need to draw an animation, potentially offscreen, so
                    // make sure we do not cancel invalidate requests
                    parent.mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DRAW_ANIMATION;
                    parent.invalidate(mLeft, mTop, mRight, mBottom);
                }
            } else {
                if (parent.mInvalidateRegion == null) {
                    parent.mInvalidateRegion = new RectF();
                }
                final RectF region = parent.mInvalidateRegion;
                a.getInvalidateRegion(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop, region,
                        invalidationTransform);

                // The child need to draw an animation, potentially offscreen, so
                // make sure we do not cancel invalidate requests
                parent.mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DRAW_ANIMATION;

                final int left = mLeft + (int) region.left;
                final int top = mTop + (int) region.top;
                parent.invalidate(left, top, left + (int) (region.width() + .5f),
                        top + (int) (region.height() + .5f));
            }
        }
        return more;
    }

在通过         boolean more = a.getTransformation(drawingTime, t, 1f); 嗲用animation 里面设置的动画的参数