参考文章:
Spring 容器启动阶段,Spring 提供了一种容器扩展机制:BeanFactoryPostProcessor,该机制作用于容器启动阶段,允许我们在容器实例化 Bean 之前对注册到该容器的 BeanDefinition 做出修改。
BeanFactoryPostProcessor
其类图
BeanFactoryPostProcessor为其顶层接口
- PropertyResourceConfigurer 该类为属性资源的配置类
- PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer 重写了
processProperties方法
- PropertyOverrideConfigurer 实现了对所有bean的属性的修改
本篇主要介绍接口和几个实现类相关的差异。后续介绍其应用
顶层接口
BeanFactoryPostProcessor是此类方法的顶层接口
public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
/**
* Modify the application context's internal bean factory after its standard
* initialization.
* 所有的 BeanDefinition 已经完成了加载即加载至 BeanFactory 中,但是还没有完成初始化
* This allows for overriding or adding
* properties even to eager-initializing beans.
* @param beanFactory the bean factory used by the application context
* @throws org.springframework.beans.BeansException in case of errors
*/
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;
}
其顶层接口只存在一个方法 postProcessBeanFactory
注意的是在
#postProcessBeanFactory(...)
方法中,千万不能进行 Bean 的实例化工作,因为这样会导致 Bean 过早实例化,会产生严重后果。期主要是与BeanDefinition进行打交道的。
PropertyResourceConfigurer
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
try {
// 获得外部数据
Properties mergedProps = mergeProperties();
// 进行属性的合并转换
convertProperties(mergedProps);
// 处理属性
processProperties(beanFactory, mergedProps);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanInitializationException("Could not load properties", ex);
}
}
起实现了基础的postProcessBeanFactory
PropertyResourceConfigurer 允许我们用 Properties 文件中的属性,来定义应用上下文(配置文件或者注解)
PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer
继承于PlaceholderConfigurerSupport 和 PropertyResourceConfigurer
和父类主要区别是,其实现了processProperties方法
/**
* Visit each bean definition in the given bean factory and attempt to replace ${...} property
* placeholders with values from the given properties.
*/
@Override
protected void processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactoryToProcess, Properties props)
throws BeansException {
StringValueResolver valueResolver = new PlaceholderResolvingStringValueResolver(props);
doProcessProperties(beanFactoryToProcess, valueResolver);
}
PropertyOverrideConfigurer
PropertyOverrideConfigurer 继承于 PropertyResourceConfigurer,其实现了另外一种processProperties的逻辑
@Override
protected void processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, Properties props)
throws BeansException {
for (Enumeration<?> names = props.propertyNames(); names.hasMoreElements();) {
String key = (String) names.nextElement();
try {
processKey(beanFactory, key, props.getProperty(key));
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
String msg = "Could not process key '" + key + "' in PropertyOverrideConfigurer";
if (!this.ignoreInvalidKeys) {
throw new BeanInitializationException(msg, ex);
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug(msg, ex);
}
}
}
}
所以我们可以发现最终PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer 和PropertyOverrideConfigurer 区别在processProperties上面
PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer .processProperties
其包含两个步骤
- StringValueResolver valueResolver = new PlaceholderResolvingStringValueResolver(props);
- doProcessProperties(beanFactoryToProcess, valueResolver);
两个步骤的意思
- StringValueResolver 为一个解析 String 类型值的策略接口,用来解析String,是String的解析策略
- 得到 String 解析器的实例
valueResolver
后使用doProcessProperties进行最终的值操作
执行数据解析的内容
protected void doProcessProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactoryToProcess,
StringValueResolver valueResolver) {
// 获得BeanDefinition的访问器
BeanDefinitionVisitor visitor = new BeanDefinitionVisitor(valueResolver);
// 从beanFactory中获取需要被处理的类名称
String[] beanNames = beanFactoryToProcess.getBeanDefinitionNames();
for (String curName : beanNames) {
// Check that we're not parsing our own bean definition,
// to avoid failing on unresolvable placeholders in properties file locations.
// 进行校验
if (!(curName.equals(this.beanName) && beanFactoryToProcess.equals(this.beanFactory))) {
// 获得BeanDefinition
BeanDefinition bd = beanFactoryToProcess.getBeanDefinition(curName);
try {
visitor.visitBeanDefinition(bd);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(bd.getResourceDescription(), curName, ex.getMessage(), ex);
}
}
}
// New in Spring 2.5: resolve placeholders in alias target names and aliases as well.
// 解析别名的占位符
beanFactoryToProcess.resolveAliases(valueResolver);
// New in Spring 3.0: resolve placeholders in embedded values such as annotation attributes.
// 解析嵌入值的占位符,例如注释属性
beanFactoryToProcess.addEmbeddedValueResolver(valueResolver);
}
然后检验bean的所有属性
public void visitBeanDefinition(BeanDefinition beanDefinition) {
// 遍历给定的BeanDefinition对象和可变属性值
// parent 、class 、factory-bean 、factory-method 、scope 、property 、constructor-arg 。
visitParentName(beanDefinition);
visitBeanClassName(beanDefinition);
visitFactoryBeanName(beanDefinition);
visitFactoryMethodName(beanDefinition);
visitScope(beanDefinition);
if (beanDefinition.hasPropertyValues()) {
visitPropertyValues(beanDefinition.getPropertyValues());
}
if (beanDefinition.hasConstructorArgumentValues()) {
ConstructorArgumentValues cas = beanDefinition.getConstructorArgumentValues();
visitIndexedArgumentValues(cas.getIndexedArgumentValues());
visitGenericArgumentValues(cas.getGenericArgumentValues());
}
}
遍历解析值
protected void visitPropertyValues(MutablePropertyValues pvs) {
PropertyValue[] pvArray = pvs.getPropertyValues();
for (PropertyValue pv : pvArray) {
Object newVal = resolveValue(pv.getValue());
// 判断真值
if (!ObjectUtils.nullSafeEquals(newVal, pv.getValue())) {
// 设置到 PropertyValue 中
pvs.add(pv.getName(), newVal);
}
}
}
然后在resolveValue方法中,使用
protected String resolveStringValue(String strVal) {
if (this.valueResolver == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No StringValueResolver specified - pass a resolver " +
"object into the constructor or override the 'resolveStringValue' method");
}
// 是我们在构造 BeanDefinitionVisitor 实例时传入的 String 类型解析器
// 解析最终值
String resolvedValue = this.valueResolver.resolveStringValue(strVal);
// Return original String if not modified.
return (strVal.equals(resolvedValue) ? strVal : resolvedValue);
}
其解析器就是哦们构造时候传入的String解析器
然后我们使用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer.java中的解析方法
public String resolveStringValue(String strVal) throws BeansException {
// 解析最终值
// helper 为 PropertyPlaceholderHelper 实例对象,
// 而 PropertyPlaceholderHelper 则是处理应用程序中包含占位符的字符串工具类
String resolved = this.helper.replacePlaceholders(strVal, this.resolver);
// 移除多余空格
if (trimValues) {
resolved = resolved.trim();
}
// 返回最终值
return (resolved.equals(nullValue) ? null : resolved);
}
其核心替换方法在replacePlaceholders中的paresStringValue
protected String parseStringValue(
String value, PlaceholderResolver placeholderResolver, Set<String> visitedPlaceholders) {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder(value);
// 获取前缀 "${" 的索引位置
int startIndex = value.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix);
while (startIndex != -1) {
int endIndex = findPlaceholderEndIndex(result, startIndex);
if (endIndex != -1) {
// 截取 "${" 和 "}" 中间的内容,这也就是我们在配置文件中对应的值
String placeholder = result.substring(startIndex + this.placeholderPrefix.length(), endIndex);
String originalPlaceholder = placeholder;
if (!visitedPlaceholders.add(originalPlaceholder)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"Circular placeholder reference '" + originalPlaceholder + "' in property definitions");
}
// Recursive invocation, parsing placeholders contained in the placeholder key.
// 解析占位符键中包含的占位符,真正的值
placeholder = parseStringValue(placeholder, placeholderResolver, visitedPlaceholders);
// Now obtain the value for the fully resolved key...
String propVal = placeholderResolver.resolvePlaceholder(placeholder);
// 如果不存在
if (propVal == null && this.valueSeparator != null) {
// 查询 : 的位置
int separatorIndex = placeholder.indexOf(this.valueSeparator);
if (separatorIndex != -1) {
String actualPlaceholder = placeholder.substring(0, separatorIndex);
// 获取 : 后面部分 defaultValue
String defaultValue = placeholder.substring(separatorIndex + this.valueSeparator.length());
propVal = placeholderResolver.resolvePlaceholder(actualPlaceholder);
if (propVal == null) {
propVal = defaultValue;
}
}
}
if (propVal != null) {
// Recursive invocation, parsing placeholders contained in the
// previously resolved placeholder value.
propVal = parseStringValue(propVal, placeholderResolver, visitedPlaceholders);
result.replace(startIndex, endIndex + this.placeholderSuffix.length(), propVal);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Resolved placeholder '" + placeholder + "'");
}
startIndex = result.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix, startIndex + propVal.length());
}
else if (this.ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders) {
// Proceed with unprocessed value.
startIndex = result.indexOf(this.placeholderPrefix, endIndex + this.placeholderSuffix.length());
}
else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Could not resolve placeholder '" +
placeholder + "'" + " in value \"" + value + "\"");
}
visitedPlaceholders.remove(originalPlaceholder);
}
else {
startIndex = -1;
}
}
return result.toString();
}
PropertyOverrideConfigurer.processProperties
protected void processProperties(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, Properties props)
throws BeansException {
// 遍历数据集合
for (Enumeration<?> names = props.propertyNames(); names.hasMoreElements();) {
String key = (String) names.nextElement();
try {
processKey(beanFactory, key, props.getProperty(key));
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
String msg = "Could not process key '" + key + "' in PropertyOverrideConfigurer";
if (!this.ignoreInvalidKeys) {
throw new BeanInitializationException(msg, ex);
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug(msg, ex);
}
}
}
}
循环遍历参数的时候进行赋值的主要处理逻辑在processKey中
protected void processKey(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory factory, String key, String value)
throws BeansException {
// 判断是否存在.的索引位置。this.beanNameSeparator 值为.
int separatorIndex = key.indexOf(this.beanNameSeparator);
if (separatorIndex == -1) {
throw new BeanInitializationException("Invalid key '" + key +
"': expected 'beanName" + this.beanNameSeparator + "property'");
}
// 截取第一个.获得类名称
String beanName = key.substring(0, separatorIndex);
// 获得类的属性名称
String beanProperty = key.substring(separatorIndex + 1);
// 将类名添加至类名集合中
this.beanNames.add(beanName);
// 设置属性值
applyPropertyValue(factory, beanName, beanProperty, value);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Property '" + key + "' set to value [" + value + "]");
}
}
通过解析,获得bean类的信息,然后根据工厂,属性名,值和类在applyPropertyValue进行值替换
protected void applyPropertyValue(
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory factory, String beanName, String property, String value) {
// 根据类名获得BeanDefinition
BeanDefinition bd = factory.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
BeanDefinition bdToUse = bd;
// 循环拿到BeanDefinition的原型
while (bd != null) {
bdToUse = bd;
bd = bd.getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
}
// 拿到值对象
PropertyValue pv = new PropertyValue(property, value);
// 设置 PropertyValue 到 BeanDefinition 中
pv.setOptional(this.ignoreInvalidKeys);
bdToUse.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue(pv);
}
此方法最终赋值在addPropertValue中,其中getOriginatingBeanDefinition是获取此beanDefinition的原型,然后在原型上进行操作
赋值操作就是简单的查询,合并,覆盖
public MutablePropertyValues addPropertyValue(PropertyValue pv) {
for (int i = 0; i < this.propertyValueList.size(); i++) {
PropertyValue currentPv = this.propertyValueList.get(i);
// 找到属性名称
if (currentPv.getName().equals(pv.getName())) {
// 合并值
pv = mergeIfRequired(pv, currentPv);
// 放入值
setPropertyValueAt(pv, i);
return this;
}
}
// 未匹配到,添加到 propertyValueList 中
this.propertyValueList.add(pv);
return this;
}
总结
- PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer:属性点位符配置器。该容器后处理器负责读取Properties属性文件里的属性值
- PropertyOverrideConfigurer:类似于PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer,但是与后者相比,前者对于bean属性可以有缺省值或者根本没有值。如果起覆盖作用的 Properties文件没有某个bean属性的内容,那么缺省的上下文定义将被使用。
- PropertyOverrideConfigurer:可以覆盖之前定义的配置,假如有多个PropertyOverrideConfigurer配置,则最后一个PropertyOverrideConfigurer取胜
后续会使用几个demo来体现两者的不同之处