struts 2需要添加的jar包:
asm-3.1.jar
asm-commons-3.1.jar
commons-fileupload-1.2.2.jar
commons-io-2.0.1.jar
commons-lang-2.5.jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
freemarker-2.3.16.jar
javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar
ognl-3.0.1.jar
struts2-core-2.2.3.jar
xwork-core-2.2.3.jar
ActionServlet配置:
WEB.XML内配置
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>这里的类是struts的jar包里的类
<init-param>标签里配置了struts 2的配置文件struts-config.xml,具体内容后面再说。
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>设置了ActionServlet运行启动
<servlet-mapping>里配置了servlet的过滤动作。<url-pattern>里设置了需要过滤的url格式,*.do和*.action都可以
struts-config.xml配置内容
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="loginForm" type="roy.servlet.actionform.LoginActionForm"/>
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/login" type="roy.servlet.action.LoginAction" name="loginForm" scope="request">
<forward name="success" path="/head.jsp"/>
<forward name="error" path="/login.html"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
<form-beans>标签指明了一个叫LoginActionForm的类,这个类继承了Form类,内容稍后再说。
<action-mappings>表情指明了LoginAction类,该类继承了Action类,并且需要和对应的form-beans有相同的name
path=“/login”是在页面执行到login.do或login.action页面时触发的类
scope中如果是request,那么就是request.setAttribute()。如果是session,那么就是session.setAttribute()
默认是session
<forward >标签配置了得到LoginAction返回值后的动作。
LoginActionForm:
package roy.servlet.actionform;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
public class LoginActionForm extends ActionForm{
private String username;
private String usercode;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getUsercode() {
return usercode;
}
public void setUsercode(String usercode) {
this.usercode = usercode;
}
}
这个类就配置了两个private String,需要注意的是,这两个变量的名字要和login.html里的文本框name属性完全一致
login.html:
<html>
<head>
<title>登陆页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form method="post" action="login.do">
<p>用户名:<input type="text" name="username">
密码:<input type="password" name="usercode">
<input type="submit" value="确定">
<input type="reset" value="重置"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
如果配置好了以上所有内容,不需要任何方法,点击login.html里的“确定”按钮后,就能从LoginAction方法里得到login.html里的输入内容
LoginAction:
package roy.servlet.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import roy.function.CheckCode;
import roy.servlet.actionform.LoginActionForm;
public class LoginAction extends Action{
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//设置字符集
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
LoginActionForm laf = (LoginActionForm)form;
String username = laf.getUsername();
String usercode = laf.getUsercode();
String realcode = new CheckCode().getUsercode(username);
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
if(realcode!=null && string.equals(realcode)){
//登录成功
session.setAttribute("loginState", true);
session.setAttribute("username", username);
return mapping.findForward("success");
}else{
//登录失败
session.setAttribute("loginState", false);
session.setAttribute("username", null);
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
}
}
得到login.html页面内容的过程如下:
LoginActionForm laf = (LoginActionForm)form;
String username = laf.getUsername();
String usercode = laf.getUsercode();
return mapping.findForward("***");返回一个字符串,然后根据struts-config.xml的配置进行跳转
Filter的用法:
web.xml里配置
<filter>
<filter-name>Filter</filter-name>
<filter-class>roy.servlet.filter.MainFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Filter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
前面的配置类似于ActionServlet,不过这里的类是自己写的MainFilter
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>说明需要过滤所有地址(无论地址是否存在)
如果像ActionServlet里写*.do的话,就只过滤.do结尾的地址(无论其他地址是否存在)
MainFilter配置:
package roy.servlet.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import roy.function.LegalUri;
public class MainFilter implements Filter{
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest request=(HttpServletRequest) req;
HttpServletResponse response=(HttpServletResponse) res;
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String uri=request.getRequestURI(); // /工程名/页面名
request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
if(session.getAttribute("loginState")==null){
session.setAttribute("loginState",false);
}
if (uri.endsWith(".do")||uri.endsWith(".html")||uri.endsWith(".jsp")){
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}else{
response.sendRedirect("index.jsp");
}
}
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
这样做之后,如果地址栏中输入不是.do或.jsp或.html的地址,就会跳转到index.jsp
需要提到的是,如果某个页面是在iframe中,那么只会跳转iframe中的页面,而不会跳转父页面
之后加入新页面,需要在struts-config.xml里添加新记录
重要的是不要写错类名、包名、name属性,myeclipse是检测不到的
~不要问我是怎么知道的