本文摘自Java编程思想(第4版),写下来是便于能够随时复习理解。
它是一个同步辅助类,被用来同步一个或者多个任务,强制他们等待其它一组任务执行完成。
可以向CountDownLatch对象设置一个初始计数值,任何调用该对象await()的方法都将被阻塞,直到该计数值为0;其它任务结束时可调用该对象的
countDown()方法来减小这个计数值。CountDownLatch被设计为只触发一次,计数值不能被重置。如果你需要能够重置计数值的版本,可使用CyclicBarrier。简单的来说程序会先调用countDown()方法(调用await()的方法会被阻塞)会使计数器的值不断减小,当计数器的值为0时,调用await()的方法才会执行。
CountDownLatch的典型用法是将一个程序分为n个互相独立的任务。
TaskPortion:调用countDown()方法,将计数值不断减小直至0,模拟系统的初始部分。.
WaitingTask:表示系统中必须等待的部分,调用await()方法,当前线程被阻塞,只有当计数值为0时(即初始部分完成)才会被执行。
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class TaskPortion implements Runnable{
private static int counter = 0;
private final int id = counter ++;
private static Random random = new Random(47);
private final CountDownLatch latch;
public TaskPortion(CountDownLatch latch){
this.latch = latch;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
doWork();
latch.countDown();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private void doWork() throws InterruptedException {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(random.nextInt(2000));
System.out.println(this+"completed");
}
public String toString(){
return String.format("%1$-3d", id);
}
}
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
public class WaitingTask implements Runnable{
private static int counter = 0;
private final int id = counter ++;
private final CountDownLatch latch;
public WaitingTask(CountDownLatch latch){
this.latch = latch;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
latch.await();
System.out.println("latch barrier pass for");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println( "interrupted");
}
}
public String toString(){
return String.format("%1$-3d", id);
}
}
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
public class CountDownLatchDemo {
static final int SIZE = 10;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService exes = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(SIZE);
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
exes.execute(new WaitingTask(latch));
for(int i=0;i<SIZE;i++)
exes.execute(new TaskPortion(latch));
System.out.println(" latch all tasks");
exes.shutdown();
}
}
运行结果: latch all tasks
9 completed
7 completed
5 completed
8 completed
1 completed
2 completed
6 completed
4 completed
0 completed
3 completed
latch barrier pass for
latch barrier pass for
latch barrier pass for
latch barrier pass for
latch barrier pass for