strcmp函数

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-16 16:39:42 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-16 16:39:42 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq523176585/article/details/11890661

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本文详细解析了C语言中字符串比较函数strcmp的不同实现方式，包括使用C标准库函数的方法、Linux源码中的实现以及通过汇编语言实现的版本。通过对比不同实现方式，帮助读者深入理解strcmp的工作原理。

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>


int strcmp(char const *str1, char const *str2)
{
	int ret = 0;
	assert(str1 != NULL && str2 != NULL);

	while ( ! (ret = *(unsigned char*)str1 - *(unsigned char*)str2) && *str1)
	{//如果当前字符相等，且前面一个指针不为空，则指针后移;
	//判断指针是否为空是为了防止两个字串相等时的负作用
		str1++;
		str2++;
	}

	return ((ret>0)-(-ret>0));
}


int main()
{
	char s[100];
	char p[100];
	gets(s);
	gets(p);

	if (strcmp(s,p) > 0)
	{
		printf("s is bigger than p\n");
	}
	else if (strcmp(s,p) < 0)
	{
		printf("s is smaller than p\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("s is equal to p\n");
	}

	return 0;
}

//linux源码

/** 
 * strcmp - Compare two strings 
 * @cs: One string 
 * @ct: Another string 
 */  
#undef strcmp   
int strcmp(const char *cs, const char *ct)  
{  
    unsigned char c1, c2;  
  
    while (1) {  
        c1 = *cs++;  //这里包含一个强制类型转换
        c2 = *ct++;  
        if (c1 != c2)  
            return c1 < c2 ? -1 : 1;  
        if (!c1)  
            break;  
    }  
    return 0;  
}

/***
*strcmp - compare two strings, returning less than, equal to, or greater than
*
*Purpose:
*       STRCMP compares two strings and returns an integer
*       to indicate whether the first is less than the second, the two are
*       equal, or whether the first is greater than the second.
*
*       Comparison is done byte by byte on an UNSIGNED basis, which is to
*       say that Null (0) is less than any other character (1-255).
*
*Entry:
*       const char * src - string for left-hand side of comparison
*       const char * dst - string for right-hand side of comparison
*
*Exit:
*       returns -1 if src <  dst
*       returns  0 if src == dst
*       returns +1 if src >  dst
*
*Exceptions:
*
*******************************************************************************/

int __cdecl strcmp (
        const char * src,
        const char * dst
        )
{
        int ret = 0 ;

        while( ! (ret = *(unsigned char *)src - *(unsigned char *)dst) && *dst) //直到src和dst当前数值不相等且dst不为\0时退出while
                ++src, ++dst;

        if ( ret < 0 )
                ret = -1 ;
        else if ( ret > 0 )
                ret = 1 ;

        return( ret );
}

//汇编源码

int strcmp(const char *str1, const char *str2)
{
     __asm                       //内联汇编开始 
    {  
        mov eax ,str1 //str1 是指针，在内嵌汇编中，会自动转成 " mov eax , dword ptr [str1] "
        mov ebx ,str2  
	xor ecx, ecx
_loop:
        push eax 
        push ebx   
        movsx eax ,[eax]
        movsx ebx ,[ebx]
        cmp eax ,ecx  
        je eqends   
        cmp eax , ebx      
        jne neq
	pop ebx  
        pop eax   
        inc eax 
        inc ebx   
        jmp _loop 
eqends:  
        cmp ecx ,ebx  //也就是0与ebx比较
         jne neq   
        jmp _eq
  
neq:  
        mov eax , 1
        jl small
        jmp exit
small:  neg eax
        jmp exit
_eq:  
        xor eax ,eax  
exit:  
        add esp , 8  
	 }  
}