微服务工程构建（九）spingcloud整合eureka、 Hystrix断路器的降级、熔断、图形化

最新推荐文章于 2022-01-23 17:16:06 发布

有梦想的小弱鸡

最新推荐文章于 2022-01-23 17:16:06 发布

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分类专栏： springcloud 文章标签： hystrix springcloud eureka 分布式

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq53167889/article/details/106528461

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Hystrix

一.服务降级
二.服务熔断
三图形化Dashboard

在这里插入图片描述
Hystrix 能解决服务上的服务降级、服务熔断、接近实时的监控

服务降级：服务器忙，请稍候再试，不让客户端等待并立刻返回一个友好提示，fallback
哪些情况会触发降级：程序运行异常、超时、服务熔断触发服务降级、线程池/信号量打满也会导致服务降级
服务熔断：类比保险丝达到最大服务访问后，直接拒绝访问
服务限流：秒杀高并发等操作，严禁一窝蜂的过来拥挤，大家排队，一秒钟N个，有序进行

一.服务降级

1.新建springcloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001 服务端

 <dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

yml

server:
  port: 8001
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true    #表识不向注册中心注册自己
    fetch-registry: true   #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      # defaultZone: http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/    #设置与eureka server交互的地址查询服务和注册服务都需要依赖这个地址
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
#  server:
#    enable-self-preservation: false
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-hystrix-payment
  #    eviction-interval-timer-in-ms: 2000

service

@Service
public class PaymentService {

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfo_fallbackMethod_TimeOut",commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "3000")   
            //3秒钟会自动执行paymentInfo_fallbackMethod_TimeOut方法，降级
    })
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
        int timeNumber = 2;
        try {
            TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeNumber);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return " 耗时(秒)" + timeNumber;
    }

    public String paymentInfo_fallbackMethod_TimeOut(Integer id) {
        return "8001系统错误";
    }
    }

controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

   
    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/timeOut/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id")Integer id) {
        return paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
    }
}

启动类

@EnableCircuitBreaker // 开启HystrixCommand 注解

2.新建springcloud-order-feign-hystrix80

pom

<dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.psf.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>springcloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

yml

server:
  port: 80
spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-feign-hystrix-order
eureka:
  client:
    register-with-eureka: true #禁止自己当做服务注册
    fetch-registry: true   #表示自己就是注册中心，职责是维护服务实例，并不需要去检索服务
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true #如果处理自身的容错就开启。开启方式与生产端不一样。打开feign对hystrix的支持 feignClient 接口中的 fallback

接口service

@Component
这是上一篇openFeign    接口
@FeignClient(value = "CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT")
public interface OrderFeignHystrixService {

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) ;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/timeOut/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id")Integer id) ;
}

统一为接口做异常处理service

@Component
@FeignClient(value ="CLOUD-PROVIDER-HYSTRIX-PAYMENT",fallback = PaymentfallbackService.class) //使用fallback的前提，在yml进行配置feign: hystrix: enabled:true
public interface PaymentService {

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) ;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/hystrix/timeOut/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(@PathVariable("id")Integer id) ;
}

PaymentfallbackService 实现类

@Component
public class PaymentfallbackService implements PaymentService {
    @Override
    public String paymentInfo_OK(Integer id) {
        return "paymentInfo_OK fail....";
    }

    @Override
    public String paymentInfo_TimeOut(Integer id) {
        return "paymentInfo_TimeOut fail....";
    }
}

专属降级controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderFeignHystrixController {

    @Resource
    private OrderFeignHystrixService orderFeignHystrixService;

  //客户端也为了防止在高并发情况下，等待 也添加了降级处理
    @GetMapping(value = "/order/payment/timeOut/{id}")
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfoFallbackMethodNo",commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "1000")
    })
    public String paymentInfo_No(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result=orderFeignHystrixService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        return "80:"+result;
    }

    public String paymentInfoFallbackMethodNo(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        return "80：系统异常，请重试"+id;
    }

不用每个方法都配置上述的服务降级，下方是配置默认降级的，业务专属的降级用上方

@RestController
@Slf4j
@DefaultProperties(defaultFallback = "paymentInfoFallbackMethodNoGlobal")  //超时 异常 走全局  全局降级
public class OrderFeignHystrixController {

    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/order/payment/ok/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_OK(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result=paymentService.paymentInfo_OK(id);
        return "80:"+result;
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/order/payment/timeOut/{id}")
   @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentInfoFallbackMethodNo",commandProperties = {
           @HystrixProperty(name = "execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds",value = "1500")  //3秒钟以内就是正常的业务逻辑
   }) //指明的 降级方法
    public String paymentInfoTimeOut(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result=paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        return "80:"+result;
    }

    public String paymentInfoFallbackMethodNo(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        return "80：系统异常，请重试"+id;
    }

   @HystrixCommand //无特别指明 全局的
    @GetMapping(value = "/order/payment/Global/{id}")
    public String paymentInfo_NoGlobal(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
        String result=paymentService.paymentInfo_TimeOut(id);
        return "80:"+result;
    }

    //下面是全局fallback方法
    public String paymentInfoFallbackMethodNoGlobal(){
        return "Global异常处理信息，请稍后再试,(┬＿┬)";
    }

}

启动类

@EnableHystrix //开启注解

启动顺序 eureka7001–> 8001–>80

二.服务熔断

熔断机制是应对雪崩效应的一种微服务链路保护机制，当某个链路响应时间太久，会进行服务降级，并且熔断该节点的调用，快速响应错误，若检测到该节点微服务调用响应后，恢复调用链路。
熔断机制的注解@HystrixCommand

测试熔断机制：

在springcloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001端口 service加入方法
service

//服务熔断      
    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback",commandProperties = {
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.enabled",value = "true"),  //是否开启断路器
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.requestVolumeThreshold",value = "10"),   //请求次数
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.sleepWindowInMilliseconds",value = "10000"),  //时间范围
            @HystrixProperty(name = "circuitBreaker.errorThresholdPercentage",value = "60"), //失败率达到多少后跳闸
    })
    public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        if (id < 0){
            throw new RuntimeException("*****id 不能负数");
        }
        String serialNumber = IdUtil.simpleUUID();

        return Thread.currentThread().getName()+"\t"+"调用成功,流水号："+serialNumber;
    }
    public String paymentCircuitBreaker_fallback(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        return "id 不能负数，请稍候再试,(┬＿┬)/~~     id: " +id;
    }

controller

 //===服务熔断
    @GetMapping("/payment/circuit/{id}")
    public String paymentCircuitBreaker(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
        String result = paymentService.paymentCircuitBreaker(id);
        log.info("*******result:"+result);
        return result;
    }

在执行的时候，当故意失败次数达到给的默认值后，服务将熔断，如果突然正确，服务也有可能显示错误，服务自动恢复，逐渐恢复的效果
在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

三图形化Dashboard

1.新建moudle springcloud-hystrix-dashboard9001
pom

  <dependencies>
        <!--新增hystrix dashboard-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

yml

server:
  port: 9001

启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableHystrixDashboard /开启服务监控
public class HystrixDashboardMain9001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HystrixDashboardMain9001.class,args);
    }
}

监控要求，只要是对服务端如8001，8002等需要监控必须添加

<dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
   </dependency>

启动9001 网页输入http://localhost:9001/hystrix
在这里插入图片描述
运行成功

输入 http://localhost:8001/hystrix.stream 开始进行监控
如果出现 Unable to connect to Command Metric Stream
在新版本中被监控端需要添加

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableCircuitBreaker // 开启HystrixCommand 注解
public class HystrixMain8001 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(HystrixMain8001.class,args);
    }

//需要添加的
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean getServlet(){
        HystrixMetricsStreamServlet streamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet();
        ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(streamServlet);
        registrationBean.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        registrationBean.addUrlMappings("/hystrix.stream");
        registrationBean.setName("HystrixMetricsStreamServlet");
        return registrationBean;
    }
}

在这里插入图片描述
微服务工程构建（八）eureka环境OpenFeign使用
 微服务工程构建（四） eureka集群环境构建 server与server之间相互注册配置 client修改成多个注册
 代码下载
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有梦想的小弱鸡

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微服务工程构建（九）spingcloud整合eureka、 Hystrix断路器的降级、熔断、图形化

Hystrix 能解决服务上的服务降级、服务熔断、接近实时的监控服务降级：服务器忙，请稍候再试，不让客户端等待并立刻返回一个友好提示，fallback哪些情况会触发降级：程序运行异常、超时、服务熔断触发服务降级、线程池/信号量打满也会导致服务降级服务熔断：类比保险丝达到最大服务访问后，直接拒绝访问服务限流：秒杀高并发等操作，严禁一窝蜂的过来拥挤，大家排队，一秒钟N个，有序进行一.服务降级1.新建springcloud-provider-hystrix-payment8001 服务端 &.
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