multiset

原文出自http://blog.csdn.net/longshengguoji/article/details/8546286

使用set或multiset之前，必须加入头文件<set>

multiset中允许有重复元素。

 

std::set<int> myset;

std::set<int>::iterator it;

std::pair<std::set<int>::iterator,bool> ret;

 

bool empty() const:判断容器是否为空，若返回true，表明容器已空

pair<iterator,bool> insert( x):插入元素x   ret=  myset.insert(20); //这里返回一对迭代器，if(没有成功插入(myset里已有20)) 那么ret.second==false

iterator insert(iterator it,x):在迭代器it处插入元素x   myset.insert (it,25);

void insert(const value_type *first,const value_type *last):插入[first, last)之间元素

iterator erase(iterator it):删除迭代器指针it处元素

iterator erase(iterator first,iterator last):删除[first, last)之间元素

size_type erase(const Key& key):删除元素值等于key的元素

#include <iostream>
#include <set>

int main ()
{
  std::set<int> myset;
  std::set<int>::iterator it;
  std::pair<std::set<int>::iterator,bool> ret;

  // set some initial values:
  for (int i=1; i<=5; ++i) myset.insert(i*10);    // set: 10 20 30 40 50

  ret = myset.insert(20);               // no new element inserted

  if (ret.second==false) it=ret.first;  // "it" now points to element 20

  myset.insert (it,25);                 // max efficiency inserting
  myset.insert (it,24);                 // max efficiency inserting
  myset.insert (it,26);                 // no max efficiency inserting

  int myints[]= {5,10,15};              // 10 already in set, not inserted 实现数组插入
  myset.insert (myints,myints+3);

  std::cout << "myset contains:";
  for (it=myset.begin(); it!=myset.end(); ++it)
    std::cout << ' ' << *it;
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <set>

int main ()
{
  std::set<int> myset;
  std::set<int>::iterator it;

  // insert some values:
  for (int i=1; i<10; i++) myset.insert(i*10);  // 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

  it = myset.begin();
  ++it;                                         // "it" points now to 20

  myset.erase (it);

  myset.erase (40);

  it = myset.find (60);
  myset.erase (it, myset.end());

  std::cout << "myset contains:";
  for (it=myset.begin(); it!=myset.end(); ++it)
    std::cout << ' ' << *it;
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

 

4) 遍历函数

iterator begin():返回首元素的迭代器指针

iterator end()：返回尾元素的迭代器指针
reverse_iterator rbegin():返回尾元素的逆向迭代器指针
reverse_iterator rend():返回首元素前一个位置的迭代器指针

#include <iostream>
#include <set>

int main ()
{
  int myints[] = {75,23,65,42,13};
  std::set<int> myset (myints,myints+5);

  std::cout << "myset contains:";
  for (std::set<int>::iterator it=myset.begin(); it!=myset.end(); ++it)
    std::cout << ' ' << *it;

  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

 

5) 操作函数

const_iterator lower_bound(const Key& key):返回容器中大于等于key的迭代器指针

const_iterator upper_bound(const Key& key):返回容器中大于key的迭代器指针

int count(const Key& key) const:返回容器中元素等于key的元素的个数
pair<const_iterator,const_iterator> equal_range(const Key& key) const:返回容器中元素值等于key的迭代指针[first, last)
const_iterator find(const Key& key) const:查找功能，返回元素值等于key的迭代器指针
void swap(set& s):交换集合元素
void swap(multiset& s):交换多集合元素

 

#include <iostream>
#include <set>

int main ()
{
  std::set<int> myset;
  std::set<int>::iterator itlow,itup;

  for (int i=1; i<10; i++) myset.insert(i*10); // 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

  itlow=myset.lower_bound (30);                //       ^
  itup=myset.upper_bound (60);                 //                   ^

  myset.erase(itlow,itup);                     // 10 20 70 80 90

  std::cout << "myset contains:";
  for (std::set<int>::iterator it=myset.begin(); it!=myset.end(); ++it)
    std::cout << ' ' << *it;
  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <set>

using namespace std;

int main ()
{
	int myints[]={12,75,10,32,20,25};
	set<int> first (myints,myints+3);     // 10,12,75
	set<int> second (myints+3,myints+6);  // 20,25,32

	first.swap(second);

	cout << "first contains:";
	for (set<int>::iterator it=first.begin(); it!=first.end(); ++it)
		cout << ' ' << *it;
	cout << '\n';

	cout << "second contains:";
	for (set<int>::iterator it=second.begin(); it!=second.end(); ++it)
		cout << ' ' << *it;
	cout << '\n';

	return 0;
}