Mybatis的关联映射之一对一

在数据库设计中我们会都会涉及到表与表之间的关系，如:一对一，一对多，多对多的情况,那么在java中为了反映数据库中的表都会设计基本的POJO对象来进行数据的传递,而在POJO对象中为了反映数据库中的关联关系，通常都会在该对象加入其他表的对应对象：比如在一对一关系中，一个用户只能有一个博客，一个博客只对应一名用户。
工程目录:

mysql：

CREATE TABLE `blog` (
   `blog_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
   `blog_name` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
   `user_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (`blog_id`,`user_id`),
   KEY `FK_blog` (`user_id`),
   CONSTRAINT `FK_blog` FOREIGN KEY (`user_id`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
 ) 

CREATE TABLE `user` (
   `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
   `userName` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
   `password` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
 ) 

POJO对象:

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String userName;
    private String password;
    private Blog blog;
    public User() {
        super();
    }
    public User(int id, String userName, String password, Blog blog) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.userName = userName;
        this.password = password;
        this.blog = blog;
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }
    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public Blog getBlog() {
        return blog;
    }
    public void setBlog(Blog blog) {
        this.blog = blog;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", userName=" + userName + ", password=" + password + ", blog=" + blog + "]";
    }


}

public class Blog {
    private int id;
    private String blogName;
    public Blog() {
        super();
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getBlogName() {
        return blogName;
    }
    public void setBlogName(String blogName) {
        this.blogName = blogName;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Blog [id=" + id + ", blogName=" + blogName + "]";
    }

}

映射文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.UserMapper">
    <resultMap type="User" id="UserMap">
        <id property="id" column="user_id"/>
        <result property="userName" column="userName"/>
        <result property="password" column="PASSWORD"/>

    </resultMap>
    <select id="getUserList" resultMap="UserMap">
        SELECT blog_id,blog_name,user_id AS blog_user_id,userName,PASSWORD,id AS user_id 
        FROM USER INNER JOIN blog ON blog.user_id = user.id
    </select>
</mapper>

但是在mapper映射文件中如果使用不设置关联关系，查询结果的返回并不会对Blog对象赋值的,因此Blog对象为null。（当然也可写一个处理器来专门处理Blog类.）运行结果:

因此为了解决这种情况,便可以用到resultMap中的association标签来让Mybatis识别到blog对象并进行赋值:
映射文件设置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.UserMapper">
    <resultMap type="User" id="UserMap">
        <id property="id" column="user_id"/>
        <result property="userName" column="userName"/>
        <result property="password" column="PASSWORD"/>
        <association property="blog" javaType="bean.Blog" column="blog_user_id">
            <id property="id" column="blog_id"></id>
            <result property="blogName" column="blog_name"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getUserList" resultMap="UserMap">
        SELECT blog_id,blog_name,user_id AS blog_user_id,userName,PASSWORD,id AS user_id 
        FROM USER INNER JOIN blog ON blog.user_id = user.id
    </select>
</mapper>

利用association标签来关联Blog类型从而让mybatis可以调用其set方法。结果

除了这种写法以外，association支持关联resultMap因此我们也可以这样写UserMap:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.UserMapper">
    <resultMap type="User" id="UserMap">
        <id property="id" column="user_id"/>
        <result property="userName" column="userName"/>
        <result property="password" column="PASSWORD"/>
        <association property="blog" column="blog_user_id" resultMap="BlogMap"/>    
    </resultMap>
    <resultMap type="bean.Blog" id="BlogMap">
        <id property="id" column="blog_id"></id>
            <result property="blogName" column="blog_name"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getUserList" resultMap="UserMap">
        SELECT blog_id,blog_name,user_id AS blog_user_id,userName,PASSWORD,id AS user_id 
        FROM USER INNER JOIN blog ON blog.user_id = user.id
    </select>
</mapper>

仍然可以得到结果

最后还有一种是执行通过执行select语句对blog赋值：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.UserMapper">
    <resultMap type="User" id="UserMap">
        <id property="id" column="user_id"/>
        <result property="userName" column="userName"/>
        <result property="password" column="PASSWORD"/>
        <association property="blog" column="blog_user_id" select="getBlogByUserId"/>   
    </resultMap>
    <resultMap type="bean.Blog" id="BlogMap">
        <id property="id" column="blog_id"></id>
            <result property="blogName" column="blog_name"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getBlogByUserId"  parameterType="int"  resultMap = "BlogMap">
        select blog_id,blog_name from blog where user_id=#{id}
    </select>
    <select id="getUserList" resultMap="UserMap">
        SELECT blog_id,blog_name,user_id AS blog_user_id,userName,PASSWORD,id AS user_id 
        FROM USER INNER JOIN blog ON blog.user_id = user.id
    </select>
</mapper>

通过association中的关联列blog_user_id实现对sql语句getBlogByUserId传递值,但是会产生N+1现象,即随着查询出的blog_user_id数据越多执行的sql语句也在增多，因此不建议使用该方式