shiro的基础概念:
shiro的作用:
运行的原理:
身份验证
授权
Security Manager
Shiro是从根对象Security Manager进行身份验证和授权
纯Java代码写法
DefaultSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultSecurityManager();
//设置authenticator
ModularRealmAuthenticator authenticator = new ModularRealmAuthenticator();
authenticator.setAuthenticationStrategy(new AtLeastOneSuccessfulStrategy());
securityManager.setAuthenticator(authenticator);
//设置authorizer
ModularRealmAuthorizer authorizer = new ModularRealmAuthorizer();
authorizer.setPermissionResolver(new WildcardPermissionResolver());
securityManager.setAuthorizer(authorizer);
//设置Realm
DruidDataSource ds = new DruidDataSource();
ds.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
ds.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shiro");
ds.setUsername("root");
ds.setPassword("");
JdbcRealm jdbcRealm = new JdbcRealm();
jdbcRealm.setDataSource(ds);
jdbcRealm.setPermissionsLookupEnabled(true);
securityManager.setRealms(Arrays.asList((Realm) jdbcRealm));
//将SecurityManager设置到SecurityUtils 方便全局使用
SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("zhang", "123");
subject.login(token);
Assert.assertTrue(subject.isAuthenticated());
上面等价于下面的INI配置
[main]
#authenticator
authenticator=org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.ModularRealmAuthenticator
authenticationStrategy=org.apache.shiro.authc.pam.AtLeastOneSuccessfulStrategy
authenticator.authenticationStrategy=$authenticationStrategy
securityManager.authenticator=$authenticator
#authorizer
authorizer=org.apache.shiro.authz.ModularRealmAuthorizer
permissionResolver=org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermissionResolver
authorizer.permissionResolver=$permissionResolver
securityManager.authorizer=$authorizer
#realm
dataSource=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
dataSource.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
dataSource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shiro
dataSource.username=root
#dataSource.password=
jdbcRealm=org.apache.shiro.realm.jdbc.JdbcRealm
jdbcRealm.dataSource=$dataSource
jdbcRealm.permissionsLookupEnabled=true
INI配置
ini配置文件类似于Java中的properties(key=value),不过提供了将key/value分类的特性,key是每个部分不重复即可,而不是整个配置文件。如下是INI配置分类:
[main]
#提供了对根对象securityManager及其依赖的配置
securityManager=org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager
…………
securityManager.realms=$jdbcRealm
[users]
#提供了对用户/密码及其角色的配置,用户名=密码,角色1,角色2
username=password,role1,role2
[roles]
#提供了角色及权限之间关系的配置,角色=权限1,权限2
role1=permission1,permission2
[urls]
#用于web,提供了对web url拦截相关的配置,url=拦截器[参数],拦截器
/index.html = anon
/admin/** = authc, roles[admin], perms["permission1"]
Realm的使用
AuthorizingRealm
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
private UserService userService = new UserServiceImpl();
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
String username = (String)principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();
SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
authorizationInfo.setRoles(userService.findRoles(username));
authorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(userService.findPermissions(username));
return authorizationInfo;
}
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
String username = (String)token.getPrincipal();
User user = userService.findByUsername(username);
if(user == null) {
throw new UnknownAccountException();//没找到帐号
}
if(Boolean.TRUE.equals(user.getLocked())) {
throw new LockedAccountException(); //帐号锁定
}
//交给AuthenticatingRealm使用CredentialsMatcher进行密码匹配,如果觉得人家的不好可以在此判断或自定义实现
SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
user.getUsername(), //用户名
user.getPassword(), //密码
ByteSource.Util.bytes(user.getCredentialsSalt()),//salt=username+salt
getName() //realm name
);
return authenticationInfo;
}
}
UserRealm父类AuthorizingRealm将获取Subject相关信息分成两步:获取身份验证信息(doGetAuthenticationInfo)及授权信息(doGetAuthorizationInfo);
AuthenticationToken
AuthenticationToken用于收集用户提交的身份(如用户名)及凭据(如密码):
public interface AuthenticationToken extends Serializable {
Object getPrincipal(); //身份
Object getCredentials(); //凭据
}
扩展接口RememberMeAuthenticationToken:提供了“boolean isRememberMe()”现“记住我”的功能;
扩展接口是HostAuthenticationToken:提供了“String getHost()”方法用于获取用户“主机”的功能。
AuthenticationInfo
AuthorizationInfo
Subject
PrincipalCollection
拓展
虚线表示的是:
依赖关系有如下三种情况:
1、A类是B类中的(某中方法的)局部变量;
2、A类是B类方法当中的一个参数;
3、A类向B类发送消息,从而影响B类发生变化;
泛化关系:->实线
A是B和C的父类,B,C具有公共类(父类)A,说明A是B,C的一般化(概括,也称泛化)