用nginx和Tomcat实现负载均衡
1、修改两个tomcat的端口,运行两个tomcat: tomcat1和tomcat2
两个tomcat的启动画面:
tomcat1:
tomcat2:
2、配置nginx.conf文件:
开启:nginx
访问页面:
我们不断的刷新,发现访问Tomcat2的概率大概是Tomcat1的2倍,这是因为我们在Nginx中配置的两台Tomcat的权重起的作用。
剩下的问题:
1、当一个服务器停止的时候,不如把tomcat1关掉,刷新的话就会跳到tomcat2的页面。但是在跳转的时候,会有几十秒的时间才会跳转。在nginx的配置文件加上如下:
2、session共享的问题。。待后面学习
3、一点想法:在服务器更新项目的时候,需要停掉服务器,更新项目,再重新启动。为了尽量影响最小,都是选择三更半夜,用户最少用的时候去更新。是否用什么好方法可以随时更新且不会影响用户访问?将tomcat1和tomcat2作为正式服务器,同时还准备一个备用服务器tomcatBackup。
更新项目的话可以先在备份服务器上更新。这样即使停到tomcat1和tomcat2或者停到其中的一个,都可以访问项目。
配置文件:
#当停到tomcat1的时候,访问:http://localhost/index.jsp则会一直跳转到tomcat2的访问页面。当tomcat1和tomcat2都停掉的时候,则会访问到备用服务器tomcatBacup
测试的nginx配置如下:
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
#服务器的集群
upstream windy.com { #服务器集群名字
server localhost:18080 weight=1;#服务器配置 weight是权重的意思,权重越大,分配的概率越大。
server localhost:28080 weight=2;
server localhost:38080 backup;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
proxy_connect_timeout 1;
proxy_read_timeout 1;
proxy_send_timeout 1;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
#root html;
#index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://windy.com;
proxy_redirect default;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}