Django小练习（3）-实现数据库增删改查

此篇在Django小练习（2）的基础上增加对书籍的添加，删除，修改，查询功能，原理和练习2一致，主要是增加新的模板和视图方法。

1.创建模板

总共有3个页面

detail.html

<h2>Book List</h2>
<table>
	<tr>
		<td>书名</td>
		<td>作者</td>
		<td>出版社</td>
		<td>出版日期</td>
	</tr>
{% for book in book_list.all %}
	<tr>
		<td>{{book.name}}</td>
		<td>{{book.author}}</td>
		<td>{{book.pub_house}}</td>
		<td>{{book.pub_date}}</td>
		<td><a href="{% url 'lib:delBook' book.id %}">删除</a></td>
	</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>

<h4>查询</h4>
<form action="{% url 'lib:searchBook' %}" method="post" name="searchBook">
	{% csrf_token %}
	<p><span>书名：</span><input type="text" name="name">
	<input type="submit" value="查询" ></p>
</form>

<h4>添加</h4>
<form action="{% url 'lib:addBook' %}" method="post" name="addBook">
	{% csrf_token %}
	<p><span>书名：</span><input type="text" name="name"></p>
	<p><span>作者：</span><input type="text" name="author"></p>
	<p><span>出版社：</span><input type="text" name="pub_house">
	<input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>

<h4>编辑</h4>	
<form action="{% url 'lib:editBook' %}" method="post" name="editBook">
	{% csrf_token %}
	<p><span>书名：</span><input type="text" name="name"></p>
	<p><span>作者：</span><input type="text" name="author"></p>
	<p><span>出版社：</span><input type="text" name="pub_house">
	<input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>	

notFound.html

<h1>Book List Empty</h1>

search.html

<h1>查询结果</h1>
<table>
	<tr>
		<td>书名</td>
		<td>作者</td>
		<td>出版社</td>
		<td>出版日期</td>
	</tr>
{% for book in book_list.all %}
	<tr>
		<td>{{book.name}}</td>
		<td>{{book.author}}</td>
		<td>{{book.pub_house}}</td>
		<td>{{book.pub_date}}</td>
	</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>

2.创建视图

#V 视图，负责业务逻辑，并在适当时候调用模型model和模板Template，myblog/lib/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
from .models import Book
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.urls import reverse

def index(request):
	return HttpResponse("Hello,world!\n Welcome to django!")
	
def detail(request):
	book_list=Book.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]#展示最新的5条记录
	context={'book_list':book_list}
	return render(request,'lib/detail.html',context)
	
def addBook(request):
	if request.method=='POST':
		temp_name=request.POST['name']
		temp_author=request.POST['author']
		temp_pub_house=request.POST['pub_house']
	
	from django.utils import timezone
	temp_book=Book(name=temp_name,author=temp_author,pub_house=temp_pub_house,pub_date=timezone.now())
	temp_book.save()
	
	return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('lib:detail'))
	
def deleteBook(request,book_id):
	bookID=book_id
	Book.objects.filter(id=bookID).delete()
	return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('lib:detail'))
	
def searchBook(request):
	if request.method=='POST':
		bookName=request.POST['name']
	book_list=Book.objects.filter(name__icontains=bookName)#名字中包含bookName并不区分大小写
	if book_list:	
		context={'book_list':book_list}
		return render(request,'lib/search.html',context)
	else:
		return render(request,'lib/notFound.html')
	
def editBook(request):
	if request.method=='POST':
		temp_name=request.POST['name']
		temp_author=request.POST['author']
		temp_pub_house=request.POST['pub_house']

	twz = Book.objects.get(name=temp_name)
	print(twz)
	if twz:
		twz.author=temp_author
		twz.pub_house=temp_pub_house
		twz.save() 	
		return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('lib:detail'))
	else:
		return render(request,'lib/notFound.html')

3.绑定链接

#URL分发器的作用是将页面请求分发给不同的视图(View)处理，视图再调用相应的模型(Model)和模板(Template)。myblog/myblog/urls.py

from django.urls import path
from . import views

app_name='lib'
urlpatterns=[
	path('',views.index,name='index'),
	path('detail/',views.detail,name='detail'),
	path('addBook/',views.addBook,name='addBook'),
	path('delBook/<int:book_id>',views.deleteBook,name='delBook'),
	path('searchBook/',views.searchBook,name='searchBook'),
	path('editBook/',views.editBook,name='editBook'),
	]

4.运行项目

打开网页：http://127.0.0.1:8000/lib/detail/，显示如下：