linux下的安装mysql与遇到一些常见问题的解决方法

本地的安装环境： centos6.9

1、下载

mysql官网地址：

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads

我是用的版本：5.6.33，通用版，linux下64位

　　也可以直接复制64位的下载地址，通过命令下载：wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

2、解压

#解压

tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

 #复制解压后的mysql目录

 cp -r mysql-5.6.33-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

3、添加用户组和用户

#添加用户组

groupadd mysql
        
#添加用户mysql 到用户组mysql

useradd -g mysql mysql

4、安装

cd /usr/local/mysql/<br>mkdir ./data/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql ./

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

#修改启动脚本

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

#修改项：

basedir=/usr/local/mysql/

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql

#启动服务

service mysqld start

#测试连接

./mysql/bin/mysql -uroot



#加入环境变量，编辑 /etc/profile，这样可以在任何地方用mysql命令了

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql//bin<br>source /etc/profile

#启动mysql

service mysqld start

#关闭mysql

service mysqld stop

#查看运行状态

service mysqld status

5、常见问题汇总：

1、[root@iZ2zeg11g0cdei5171kqskZ mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysqlFATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:Data::Dumper

解决

yum -y install autoconf

2、

[root@iZ2zeg11g0cdei5171kqskZ mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysqlInstalling MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决:

yum -y install libaio-devel

3、

[root@iZ2zeg11g0cdei5171kqskZ mysql]# service mysqld startStarting MySQL.touch: cannot touch '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log': No such file or directorychmod: cannot access '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log': No such file or directorytouch: cannot touch '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log': No such file or directorychown: cannot access '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log': No such file or directory/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe: line 129: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directory/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe: line 166: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directorytouch: cannot touch '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log': No such file or directorychown: cannot access '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log': No such file or directorychmod: cannot access '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log': No such file or directory/usr/local/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe: line 129: /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log: No such file or directoryThe server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/i[FAILED]0cdei5171kqskZ.pid).

解决:(我们确实是没有/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log 这个目录，这个是因为你没有指定他的配置文件的话，他会默认找到/etc/my.cnf 这个配置文件，因为我们修改了mysql的数据存储目录)、

rm -f /etc/my.cnf

4、

[root@iZ2zeg11g0cdei5171kqskZ mysql]# mysql -uroot -p-bash: mysql: command not found

解决:(这个是因为/usr/local/bin目录下缺失mysql导致，只需要一下方法建立软链接，即可以解决)

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin/mysql

5、

sqlyog连接时，报1130错误，是由于没有给远程连接的用户权限问题

解决1:更改 ‘mysql’数据库‘user’表‘host’项，从‘localhost’改成‘%’。

use mysql;
select 'host' from user where user='root'; 
update user set host = '%' where user ='root';
flush privileges; 

解决2：直接授权

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root’@'%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘youpassword’ WITH GRANT OPTION;

6、

-bash: ./scripts/mysql_install_db: /usr/bin/perl: bad interpreter: 没有那个文件或目录

解决：

yum -y install perl perl-devel

7、

Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决：

yum -y install libaio-devel

8、

环境变量配置位置：

vi + /etc/profile

9.远程访问时要关闭防火墙或者打开mysql的端口，如果用的阿里云则要在服务器管理界面对端口进行设置，而不是在系统内部设置

以上是在linux上安装mysql的一些方法和注意事项，若有不足还请指正