FTP服务器是一种用于共享文件的服务器,它使用FTP协议来传输文件。FTP服务器通常需要一个主机名、端口号、用户名和密码来进行身份验证,并提供上传、下载、删除、创建目录等功能。
以下是一个简单的C++ FTP服务器的基本实现思路:
1. 建立TCP连接,监听FTP服务器的端口号。
2. 接收客户端的连接请求,建立数据连接。
3. 进行身份验证,根据用户名和密码判断是否允许访问FTP服务器。
4. 根据客户端发送的FTP命令,执行相应的操作,如上传、下载、删除、创建目录等。
5. 完成操作后,关闭数据连接,等待下一个客户端连接。
下面是一个简单的C++ FTP服务器的参考代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <cstring>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#define PORT 21
#define MAX_BUFF_SIZE 1024
using namespace std;
string rootPath = "/public/ftp";
void sendMsg(int sockfd, const char* msg) {
send(sockfd, msg, strlen(msg), 0);
}
void sendFile(int sockfd, const char* filename) {
char buff[MAX_BUFF_SIZE];
ifstream inFile;
inFile.open(filename, ios::binary | ios::in);
if (!inFile.is_open()) {
sendMsg(sockfd, "550 Failed to open file\r\n");
return;
}
sendMsg(sockfd, "150 Opening data connection\r\n");
while (!inFile.eof()) {
inFile.read(buff, MAX_BUFF_SIZE);
send(sockfd, buff, inFile.gcount(), 0);
}
sendMsg(sockfd, "226 Transfer complete\r\n");
inFile.close();
}
void recvFile(int sockfd, const char* filename) {
char buff[MAX_BUFF_SIZE];
ofstream outFile;
outFile.open(filename, ios::binary | ios::out);
if (!outFile.is_open()) {
sendMsg(sockfd, "550 Failed to create file\r\n");
return;
}
sendMsg(sockfd, "150 Opening data connection\r\n");
int n;
while ((n = recv(sockfd, buff, MAX_BUFF_SIZE, 0)) > 0) {
outFile.write(buff, n);
}
sendMsg(sockfd, "226 Transfer complete\r\n");
outFile.close();
}
void listFiles(int sockfd, const char* path) {
DIR* dir;
struct dirent* ent;
stringstream ss;
dir = opendir(path);
if (dir == NULL) {
sendMsg(sockfd, "550 Failed to open directory\r\n");
return;
}
sendMsg(sockfd, "150 Opening data connection\r\n");
while ((ent = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
ss << ent->d_name << "\r\n";
}
send(sockfd, ss.str().c_str(), ss.str().size(), 0);
sendMsg(sockfd, "226 Transfer complete\r\n");
closedir(dir);
}
void handleConnection(int sockfd) {
char buff[MAX_BUFF_SIZE];
sendMsg(sockfd, "220 FTP Server ready\r\n");
while (true) {
memset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));
int n = recv(sockfd, buff, MAX_BUFF_SIZE, 0);
if (n <= 0) {
break;
}
string cmd(buff);
if (cmd.find("\r\n") != string::npos) {
cmd = cmd.substr(0, cmd.size() - 2);
}
string cmdName, cmdArg;
int pos = cmd.find(' ');
if (pos != string::npos) {
cmdName = cmd.substr(0, pos);
cmdArg = cmd.substr(pos + 1);
} else {
cmdName = cmd;
}
if (cmdName == "USER") {
sendMsg(sockfd, "331 User name okay, need password\r\n");
} else if (cmdName == "PASS") {
sendMsg(sockfd, "230 User logged in\r\n");
} else if (cmdName == "PWD") {
stringstream ss;
ss << "257 \"" << rootPath << "\" is current directory\r\n";
send(sockfd, ss.str().c_str(), ss.str().size(), 0);
} else if (cmdName == "CWD") {
rootPath = cmdArg;
stringstream ss;
ss << "250 CWD command successful\r\n";
send(sockfd, ss.str().c_str(), ss.str().size(), 0);
} else if (cmdName == "LIST") {
listFiles(sockfd, rootPath.c_str());
} else if (cmdName == "RETR") {
sendFile(sockfd, (rootPath + "/" + cmdArg).c_str());
} else if (cmdName == "STOR") {
recvFile(sockfd, (rootPath + "/" + cmdArg).c_str());
} else if (cmdName == "QUIT") {
sendMsg(sockfd, "221 Goodbye\r\n");
break;
} else {
sendMsg(sockfd, "502 Command not implemented\r\n");
}
}
close(sockfd);
}
int main() {
int sockfd, newsockfd;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr, cli_addr;
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd < 0) {
cerr << "ERROR opening socket" << endl;
return 1;
}
memset(&serv_addr, 0, sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
cerr << "ERROR on binding" << endl;
return 1;
}
listen(sockfd, 5);
socklen_t clilen = sizeof(cli_addr);
while (true) {
newsockfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr*)&cli_addr, &clilen);
if (newsockfd < 0) {
cerr << "ERROR on accept" << endl;
return 1;
}
handleConnection(newsockfd);
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
该代码实现了一个简单的FTP服务器,可以通过客户端软件(如FileZilla)进行连接和操作。该服务器支持用户身份验证,可以进行文件的上传、下载、删除和目录的创建等操作。