SpringMVC开发技术~8_2~格式化器Formatter

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-29 00:15:30 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-03-29 00:15:30 发布

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分类专栏： J2EE # Spring MVC

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16388171/article/details/104062627

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1 Formatter格式化器

Formatter就像Converter –样，也是将一种类型转换成另一种类型。但是，Formatter的源类型必须是一个String，而Converter则适用于任意的源类型。Formatter更适合W曲层，而Converter则可以用在任意层中。
为了转换Spring MVC应用程序表单中的用户输入，始终应该选择Formatter，而不是Converter。

2 Spring MVC中格式化器的使用案例

2.1 程序的目录结构

在这里插入图片描述

2.2 domain

package app06b.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
public class Employee  implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -908L;
	private long id;
	private String firstName;
	private String lastName;
	private Date birthDate;
	private int salaryLevel;
	public long getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(long id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getFirstName() {
		return firstName;
	}
	public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
		this.firstName = firstName;
	}
	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}
	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}
	public Date getBirthDate() {
		return birthDate;
	}
	public void setBirthDate(Date birthDate) {
		this.birthDate = birthDate;
	}
	public int getSalaryLevel() {
		return salaryLevel;
	}
	public void setSalaryLevel(int salaryLevel) {
		this.salaryLevel = salaryLevel;
	}
}

2.3 Converter转换器类

为了创建Formatter，要编写一个实现org.springframework.format.Formatter接口的Java类。
下面是这个接口的声明：

Public interface Formatter<T>

这里的T表示输入字符串要转换的目标类型。该接口有parse和print两个方法，所有实现都必须覆盖。

T  parse (String text,java.util.Locale  locale>
String  print (T object, java.util.Locale  locale)

Parse方法利用指定的Locale将一个String解析成目标类型。
Print方法与之相反，它是返回目标对象的字符串表示法。

DateFormatter

package app06b.formatter;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;
import org.springframework.format.Formatter;
public class DateFormatter implements Formatter<Date> {
    private String datePattern;
    private SimpleDateFormat dateFormat;
    public DateFormatter(String datePattern) {
        System.out.println("DateFormatter()5b========");
        this.datePattern = datePattern;
        dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(datePattern);
        dateFormat.setLenient(false);
    }
    @Override
    public String print(Date date, Locale locale) {
        return dateFormat.format(date);
    }
    @Override
    public Date parse(String s, Locale locale) throws ParseException {
        try {
            return dateFormat.parse(s);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            // the error message will be displayed when using <form:errors>
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "invalid date format. Please use this pattern\""+datePattern + "\"");
        }
    }
}

2.4 Controller类

package app06b.controller;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
import org.springframework.format.support.DefaultFormattingConversionService;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import app06b.domain.Employee;
@org.springframework.stereotype.Controller
public class EmployeeController {	
	private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(EmployeeController.class);	
	@Autowired
	ConversionService conversionService;	
	@RequestMapping(value="employee_input")
	public String inputEmployee(Model model) {
		model.addAttribute(new Employee());
		logger.info("inputEmployee called 2. map:" + model.asMap());
		return "EmployeeForm";
	}
	@RequestMapping(value="employee_save")
	public String saveEmployee(@ModelAttribute Employee employee, BindingResult bindingResult,
			Model model) {
		logger.info("saveEmployee called 2");		
		System.out.println("type of conversion service:" + conversionService.getClass());
		DefaultFormattingConversionService cs = (DefaultFormattingConversionService) conversionService;		
		logger.info("as map:" + model.asMap());
		// we don't need ProductForm anymore,l
		// Spring MVC can bind HTML forms to Java objects
		
		if (bindingResult.hasErrors()) {
		    System.out.println("has errors");
			FieldError fieldError = bindingResult.getFieldError();
			System.out.println("Code:" + fieldError.getCode() 
					+ ", field:" + fieldError.getField());			
			return "EmployeeForm";
		}		
		// save product here
		
	    model.addAttribute("employee", employee);    	   
		return "EmployeeDetails";
	}	
	@InitBinder
    public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
        binder.initDirectFieldAccess();
        binder.setDisallowedFields("id");
//        binder.setRequiredFields("username", "password", "emailAddress");
        logger.info("initBinderin EmployeeController");
    }
}

2.5 Spring MVC配置文件

为了在Spring MVC应用程序中使用Formatter，需要利用conversionService bean对它进行注册。
Bean的类名祢必须为：org. springframework. Format. Support.FormattingConversionService-FactoryBean。

这个bean可以用一个Formatters属性注册Formatter，用一个converters属性注册converter。

springmvc-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
	<context:component-scan base-package="app06b.controller" />
	<context:component-scan base-package="app06b.formatter" />
	<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="conversionService" />
	<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" />
	<mvc:resources mapping="/*.html" location="/" />
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>
	<bean id="conversionService"
		class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
		<property name="formatters">
			<set>
				<bean class="app06b.formatter.DateFormatter">
					<constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="MM-dd-yyyy" />
				</bean>
			</set>
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

2.6 View视图层

2.6.1 EmployeeForm.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<title>Add Product Form</title>
<style type="text/css">@import url("<c:url value="/css/main.css"/>");</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="global">
<form:form commandName="employee" action="employee_save" method="post">
    <fieldset>
        <legend>Add an employee</legend>
        <p>
            <label for="firstName">First Name: </label>
            <input type="text" id="firstName" name="firstName"  tabindex="1">
        </p>
        <p>
            <label for="lastName">First Name: </label>
            <input type="text" id="lastName" name="lastName"    tabindex="2">
        </p>
        <p>
            <form:errors path="birthDate" cssClass="error"/>
        </p>
        <p>
            <label for="birthDate">Date Of Birth: </label>
            <form:input path="birthDate" id="birthDate" />
        </p>
        <p id="buttons">
            <input id="reset" type="reset" tabindex="4">
            <input id="submit" type="submit" tabindex="5"    value="Add Employee">
        </p>
    </fieldset>
</form:form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

2.6.2 EmployeeDetails.jsp

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<title>Save Employee</title>
<style type="text/css">@import url("<c:url value="/css/main.css"/>");</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="global">
    <h4>The employee details have been saved.</h4>
    <p>
        <h5>Details:</h5>
        First Name: ${employee.firstName}<br/>
        Last Name: ${employee.lastName}<br/>
        Date of Birth: ${employee.birthDate}
    </p>
</div>
</body>
</html>

2.6.3 main.css

#global {
    text-align: left;
    border: 1px solid #dedede;
    background: #efefef;
    width: 560px;
    padding: 20px;
    margin: 100px auto;
}

form {
  font:100% verdana;
  min-width: 500px;
  max-width: 600px;
  width: 560px;
}

form fieldset {
  border-color: #bdbebf;
  border-width: 3px;
  margin: 0;
}

legend {
    font-size: 1.3em;
}

form label { 
    width: 250px;
    display: block;
    float: left;
    text-align: right;
    padding: 2px;
}

#buttons {
    text-align: right;
}
#errors, li {
	color: red;
}
.error {
    color: red;
    font-size: 9pt;	
}

2.7 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
  <display-name>YJYSpring_MVC_Formatter_PaulDeckCH06</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        </servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/config/springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

3 运行和测试

运行

http://localhost:8080/YJYSpring_MVC_Formatter_PaulDeckCH06/employee_input

输入错误的信息
在这里插入图片描述
点击add employee，显示错误提示

修改为正确的信息，重新提交

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SpringMVC开发技术~8_2~格式化器Formatter

1 Formatter格式化器Formatter就像Converter –样，也是将一种类型转换成另一种类型。但是，Formatter的源类型必须是一个String，而Converter则适用于任意的源类型。Formatter更适合W曲层，而Converter则可以用在任意层中。为了转换Spring MVC应用程序表单中的用户输入，始终应该选择Formatter，而不是Converter。2...
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