二进制与base64的转换

#ifndef _BASE64_H_
#define _BASE64_H_

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

char *base64_decode(const char *bdata, int bdlen);

char *base64_encode(const char *data, int dlen);

int base64_encode_size(int srclen);

int base64_decode_size(int srclen);

#endif

#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#define BASE64_PAD64 '='

char base64_alphabet[] = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I',
                          'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R',
                          'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a',
                          'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j',
                          'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's',
                          't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1',
                          '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '+',
                          '/'};

char base64_suffix_map[256] = {
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 62, 255, 255, 255, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
    15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 26, 27, 28,
    29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48,
    49, 50, 51, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255,
    255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255, 255};

static char cmove_bits(unsigned char src, unsigned lnum, unsigned rnum)
{
  src <<= lnum;
  src >>= rnum;
  return src;
}

char *base64_encode(const char *data, int dlen)
{
  char *ret, *retpos;
  int n, m, padnum = 0, retsize;

  if (dlen == 0)
    return NULL;

  /* Account the result buffer size and alloc the memory for it. */
  if ((dlen % 3) != 0)
    padnum = 3 - dlen % 3;
  retsize = (dlen + padnum) + ((dlen + padnum) * 1 / 3) + 1;
  if ((ret = (char *)malloc(retsize)) == NULL)
    return NULL;
  retpos = ret;

  /* Starting to convert the originality characters to BASE64 chracaters.
	Converting process keep to 4->6 principle. */
  for (m = 0; m < (dlen + padnum); m += 3)
  {
    /* When data is not suffice 24 bits then pad 0 and the empty place pad '='. */
    *(retpos) = base64_alphabet[cmove_bits(*data, 0, 2)];
    if (m == dlen + padnum - 3 && padnum != 0)
    { /* Whether the last bits-group suffice 24 bits. */
      if (padnum == 1)
      { /* 16bit need pad one '='. */
        *(retpos + 1) = base64_alphabet[cmove_bits(*data, 6, 2) + cmove_bits(*(data + 1), 0, 4)];
        *(retpos + 2) = base64_alphabet[cmove_bits(*(data + 1), 4, 2)];
        *(retpos + 3) = BASE64_PAD64;
      }
      else if (padnum == 2)
      { /* 8bit need pad two'='. */
        *(retpos + 1) = base64_alphabet[cmove_bits(*data, 6, 2)];
        *(retpos + 2) = BASE64_PAD64;
        *(retpos + 3) = BASE64_PAD64;
      }
    }
    else
    { /* 24bit normal. */
      *(retpos + 1) = base64_alphabet[cmove_bits(*data, 6, 2) + cmove_bits(*(data + 1), 0, 4)];
      *(retpos + 2) = base64_alphabet[cmove_bits(*(data + 1), 4, 2) + cmove_bits(*(data + 2), 0, 6)];
      *(retpos + 3) = base64_alphabet[*(data + 2) & 0x3f];
    }

    retpos += 4;
    data += 3;
  }

  ret[retsize - 1] = 0;

  return ret;
}

char *base64_decode(const char *bdata, int bdlen)
{
  char *ret = NULL, *retpos;
  int n, m, padnum = 0, retsize;

  if (bdlen == 0)
    return NULL;
  if (bdlen % 4 != 0)
    return NULL;

  /* Whether the data have invalid base-64 characters? */
  for (m = 0; m < bdlen; ++m)
  {
    if (bdata[m] != BASE64_PAD64 && base64_suffix_map[bdata[m]] == 255)
      goto LEND;
  }

  /* Account the output size. */
  if (bdata[bdlen - 1] == '=')
    padnum = 1;
  if (bdata[bdlen - 1] == '=' && bdata[bdlen - 2] == '=')
    padnum = 2;
  retsize = (bdlen - 4) - (bdlen - 4) / 4 + (3 - padnum) + 1;
  ret = (char *)malloc(retsize);
  if (ret == NULL)
    return NULL;
  retpos = ret;

  /* Begging to decode. */
  for (m = 0; m < bdlen; m += 4)
  {
    *retpos = cmove_bits(base64_suffix_map[*bdata], 2, 0) + cmove_bits(base64_suffix_map[*(bdata + 1)], 0, 4);
    if (m == bdlen - 4 && padnum != 0)
    {                  /* Only deal with last four bits. */
      if (padnum == 1) /* Have one pad characters, only two availability characters. */
        *(retpos + 1) = cmove_bits(base64_suffix_map[*(bdata + 1)], 4, 0) + cmove_bits(base64_suffix_map[*(bdata + 2)], 0, 2);
      /*
			Have two pad characters, only two availability characters.
			if(padnum == 2) {
			}
			*/
      retpos += 3 - padnum;
    }
    else
    {
      *(retpos + 1) = cmove_bits(base64_suffix_map[*(bdata + 1)], 4, 0) + cmove_bits(base64_suffix_map[*(bdata + 2)], 0, 2);
      *(retpos + 2) = cmove_bits(base64_suffix_map[*(bdata + 2)], 6, 0) + base64_suffix_map[*(bdata + 3)];
      retpos += 3;
    }
    bdata += 4;
  }

  ret[retsize - 1] = 0;

LEND:
  return ret;
}


int base64_encode_size(int srclen)
{
  /* 3 bytes will be converted to 4 */
  return (srclen + 2) * 4 / 3;
}

int base64_decode_size(int srclen)
{
  return (srclen * 3) >> 2;
}