keepalived在linux下的安装部署以及问题解答

keepalived在linux下的安装步骤

介绍

keepalived是一个轻量型的实现负载均衡的方案，本质上以一个vip代替实际的ip地址进行高可用方案。但要防止容易发生的脑裂现象。

安装部署

下载安装包

wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-2.0.6.tar.gz
tar zxvf keepalived-2.0.6.tar.gz
cd keepalived-2.0.6

配置

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived 

安装

make && make install

cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

mkdir /etc/keepalived
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

启停

systemctl stop keepalived

配置文件添加

vrrp_script chk_maintainace { //检测机制的脚本名称为chk_maintainace
        script "/bin/bash -c '[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0'" //可以是个脚本路径，也可以是脚本命令
        interval 1 //每隔1秒中检测一次
        weight -20 //优先级减80
}

实例中添加

track_script {
     chk_maintainace
}

FAQ

问题1：

Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.

解决：

yum -y install libnl libnl-devel 

问题2：

error: libnfnetlink headers missing

解决：

yum install -y libnfnetlink-devel

问题3：（vip同网段）

vip无法ping通

解决：

keepalived.conf中vip配置好后，通过ip addr可以看到vip已经顺利挂载，但是无法ping通，并且防火墙都已关闭，原因是keepalived.conf配置中默认vrrp_strict打开了，需要把它注释掉。重启keepalived即可ping通。

问题4：

!!! OpenSSL is not properly installed on your system. !!!
!!! Can not include OpenSSL headers files.

解决：

yum -y install openssl-devel

问题5：

vrrp_script不生效

解决：

systemd进程运行的时候，keepalived的运行是不能理解[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]]这段话的。必须是里bash运行，即 “/bin/bash -c ‘[[ -f /etc/keepalived/down ]] && exit 1 || exit 0’”