Android异步线程

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-16 13:39:51 发布

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分类专栏： Android 文章标签： Android异步线程

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_17007915/article/details/50473750

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为什么要有异步线程？

因为有些操作是耗时的，比如大量计算啊，网络下载啊等，并且这些耗时操作的结果是需要反应在UI组件上的，比如进度条，计算结果等，如果这些耗时操作放在主线程里，就是阻碍主线程，从而导致用户交互被阻碍，出现假死，甚至ANR（Application not respond）。由此，异步线程的作用就是专门用户处理此类耗时操作，同时不阻碍主线程交互，当耗时操作过程中或者结束后，将结果反应在组件上。

Android上实现异步线程机制有两种方式：Handler 和 AsyncTask。
Handler模式是给每一个人物创建一个新的线程(Thread),任务完成后通过Handler实例向UI主线程发送消息，更新相关组件，完成界面的更新，这种方式比较精细，但是代码会相对比较臃肿，并且如果多个线程任务同时进行，无法对线程进行精确控制。
AsyncTask是Android为了更加方便地创建异步线程任务而提供的新的工具类，从Android1.5开始就有android.os.AsyncTask,实质上AsyncTask也是对Handler 和 Thread的更优秀的封装。

首先介绍一下AsyncTask的用法。
先来看看AsyncTask的定义：
Public abstract class AsyncTask<泛型1，泛型2，泛型3>{}

三种泛型类型分别代表“启动任务执行时需要的参数”，“后台任务执行过程中的进度”，“后台计算结果的类型”。有些场合并不需要参数，此时便可以使用java.lang.Void。
一个异步任务的执行一般包括以下几个步骤：
1. Execute（Params… params）: 执行一个异步任务，需要我们再代码中调用此方法，启动异步任务；
2. onPreExecute() : 在execute被调用后则执行，实际它是存在于execute函数中，一般用来在执行后台耗时操作前，对即将更新的UI组件做一些标记；
3.doInBackGround(Params… params) : 调用Execute后，执行完OnPreExecute后，则开始执行耗时操作，此方法接收的是输入参数和返回计算结果，可以在此方法中实时更新计算进度，调用publishProgress(Progress… values);
4. onProgressUpdate(Progress… values) ：在调用publishProgress(Progress… values)时执行，直接可以进行UI组件的更新；
5.onPostExecute(Result result) ：当后台操作结束后，此方法被调用，计算结果将作为参数传递到此方法中，直接将计算结果（即doInBackGround 函数返回结果）显示在UI组件上。

注意点：
1. AsyncTask的实例必须在主线程中创建；
2. 实例的执行execute函数必须在主线程中调用；
3. 一个AsyncTask的实例只能执行一次，否则会抛出异常；

接下来是一个简单地示例，每隔0.5s将进度增加1，当完成100%后，显示完成：

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> MainActivity extends Activity {
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> final String TAG = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"ASYNC_TASK"</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Button execute;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Button cancel;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> ProgressBar progressBar;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> TextView textView;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> MyTask mTask;

    @Override
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        execute = (Button) findViewById(R.id.execute);
        execute.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) {
                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//注意每次需new一个实例,新建的任务只能执行一次,否则会出现异常</span>
                mTask = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> MyTask();
                mTask.execute(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"http://www.baidu.com"</span>);

                execute.setEnabled(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>);
                cancel.setEnabled(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);
            }
        });
        cancel = (Button) findViewById(R.id.cancel);
        cancel.setOnClickListener(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View v) {
                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//取消一个正在执行的任务,onCancelled方法将会被调用</span>
                mTask.cancel(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);
            }
        });
        progressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progress_bar);
        textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view);

    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> MyTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, String> {


        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//onPreExecute方法用于在执行后台任务前做一些UI操作</span>
        @Override
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onPreExecute</span>() {
            Log.i(TAG, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onPreExecute() called"</span>);
            textView.setText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"loading..."</span>);
        }


        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> progress = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//doInBackground方法内部执行后台任务,不可在此方法内修改UI</span>
        @Override
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> String <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">doInBackground</span>(String... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">params</span>) {
            Log.e(TAG, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">""</span> + progress);
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span>(progress < <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>){
            publishProgress(progress++);
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> {
                Thread.sleep(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">500</span>);
            } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) {
                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TODO Auto-generated catch block</span>
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            }
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"finished"</span>;
        }

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//onProgressUpdate方法用于更新进度信息</span>
        @Override
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onProgressUpdate</span>(Integer... progresses) {
            Log.i(TAG, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onProgressUpdate(Progress... progresses) called"</span>);
            progressBar.setProgress(progresses[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]);
            textView.setText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"loading..."</span> + progresses[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>] + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%"</span>);
        }

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//onPostExecute方法用于在执行完后台任务后更新UI,显示结果</span>
        @Override
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onPostExecute</span>(String result) {
            Log.i(TAG, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onPostExecute(Result result) called"</span>);
            textView.setText(result);

            execute.setEnabled(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);
            cancel.setEnabled(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>);
        }

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//onCancelled方法用于在取消执行中的任务时更改UI</span>
        @Override
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCancelled</span>() {
            Log.i(TAG, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onCancelled() called"</span>);
            textView.setText(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"cancelled"</span>);
            progressBar.setProgress(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);

            execute.setEnabled(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);
            cancel.setEnabled(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>);
        }
    }
}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">84</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">85</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">86</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">87</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">88</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">89</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">90</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">91</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">92</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">93</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">94</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">95</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">96</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">97</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">98</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">99</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">100</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">101</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">102</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">103</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">104</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">105</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">106</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">107</li></ul>

Xml布局文件：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">LinearLayout</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
    <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:orientation</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"vertical"</span>
    <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"fill_parent"</span>
    <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"fill_parent"</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">Button
</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/execute"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"fill_parent"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"execute"</span>/></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">Button
</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/cancel"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"fill_parent"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:enabled</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"false"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"cancel"</span>/></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">ProgressBar</span> 
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/progress_bar"</span> 
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"fill_parent"</span> 
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> 
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:progress</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"0"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:max</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"100"</span>
        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">style</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"</span>/></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">LinearLayout</span>></span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li></ul>

注意加上网络访问权限：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">uses-permission</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"android.permission.INTERNET"</span>/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

软件运行界面如下：
更新进度
运行结束

AsyncTask的使用已经比较清晰，使用起来也十分方便，下面就要详细看一下AsyncTask究竟是个什么鬼。

AsyncTask源码片段分析。

从上图中可以看出，Asynctask中包含一个Status的枚举类，该枚举类中包含：PENDING(未执行)，RUNNING(执行中)，FINISHED(已完成)。

首先看一下AsyncTask中的成员变量：

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> CORE_POOL_SIZE =<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//5个核心工作线程</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">128</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//最多128个工作线程</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> KEEP_ALIVE = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//空闲线程的超时时间为1秒</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> BlockingQueue<Runnable> sWorkQueue =
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//等待队列</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> ThreadPoolExecutorsExecutor = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE,
            MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE, TimeUnit.SECONDS, sWorkQueue,sThreadFactory);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//线程池是静态变量，所有的异步任务都会放到这个线程池的工作线程内执行。</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

从execute(Params… params)入手，可以看到：

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> final AsyncTask<Params,Progress, Result> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">execute</span>(Params... <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">params</span>) {  
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {  
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (mStatus) {  
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> RUNNING:  
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throw</span> newIllegalStateException(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Cannot execute task:"</span>  
                            + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" the taskis already running."</span>);  
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> FINISHED:  
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throw</span> newIllegalStateException(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Cannot execute task:"</span>  
                            + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" the taskhas already been executed "</span>  
                            + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"(a task canbe executed only once)"</span>);  
            }  
        }  

        mStatus = Status.RUNNING;  

        onPreExecute();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//运行在ui线程，在提交任务到线程池之前执行  </span>

        mWorker.mParams = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">params</span>;  
        sExecutor.execute(mFuture);<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//提交任务到线程池  </span>

        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>;  
}  </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul>

上半部分是根据status状态值做出相应反应，然后改变状态，调用onPreExecute()函数，但是后面的mWorker , sExecutor 以及 mFuture有点摸不着头脑。

当我们创建AsyncTask时，其构造函数则完成了mWorker和mFuture的实例：

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">AsyncTask</span>() {  
        mWorker = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {  
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Result <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">call</span>() <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> Exception {  
                Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);  
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> doInBackground(mParams);  
            }  
        };  

        mFuture = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {  
            <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>  
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">done</span>() {  
                Message message;  
                Result result = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;  

                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> {  
                    result = get();  
                } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) {  
                    android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);  
                } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (ExecutionException e) {  
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> RuntimeException(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"An error occured while executing doInBackground()"</span>,  
                            e.getCause());  
                } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (CancellationException e) {  
                    message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL,  
                            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> AsyncTaskResult<Result>(AsyncTask.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, (Result[]) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>));  
                    message.sendToTarget();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//取消任务，发送MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL消息  </span>
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span>;  
                } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (Throwable t) {  
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throw</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> RuntimeException(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"An error occured while executing "</span>  
                            + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"doInBackground()"</span>, t);  
                }  

                message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,  
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> AsyncTaskResult<Result>(AsyncTask.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, result));<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//完成任务，发送MESSAGE_POST_RESULT消息并传递result对象  </span>
                message.sendToTarget();  
            }  
        };  
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li></ul>

可以看出，在AsyncTask的默认构造函数中，完成了对mWorker 和 mFuture的定义。
mWorker是WorkerRunnable这个实现了Callable接口中的call() 方法的抽象内部类的实例，在其中调用doInBackground()函数：

<code class="hljs php has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">abstract</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">WorkerRunnable</span><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Params</span>, <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Result</span>> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Callable</span><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Result</span>> {</span>  
        Params[] mParams;  
    }   </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

而mFuture是FutureTask的实例，而FutureTask是实现了RunnableFuture接口的，RunnableFuture接口又继承于Runnable 和 Future接口。其中FutureTask是一个可以中途取消的用于异步计算的类。可以看到，mFuture的实例对象的done()方法中，如果捕捉到了CancellationException，就会发送一条”MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL”消息，当然，如果顺利进行，就会发送“MESSAGE_POST_RESULT” 消息。这消息是怎么发送的呢？这些消息又是如何创建的呢？首先关于发送，我们可以看到，这些消息都是与一个sHandler对象关联的，而这个sHandler对象是AsyncTask 内部类InternalHandler的实例，而InternalHandler正式继承于Handler：

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">  <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> MESSAGE_POST_RESULT = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x1</span>; <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//显示结果  </span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x2</span>;    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//更新进度  </span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x3</span>;  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//取消任务  </span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> InternalHandler sHandler = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> InternalHandler();  

 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">InternalHandler</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Handler</span> {</span>  
        <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@SuppressWarnings</span>({<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"unchecked"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"RawUseOfParameterizedType"</span>})  
        <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>  
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">handleMessage</span>(Message msg) {  
            AsyncTaskResult result = (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj;  
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (msg.what) {  
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:  
                    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// There is only one result  </span>
                 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//调用AsyncTask.finish方法  </span>
                    result.mTask.finish(result.mData[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>]);  
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;  
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:  
                    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//调用AsyncTask.onProgressUpdate方法  </span>
                 result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);  
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;  
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL:  
                 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//调用AsyncTask.onCancelled方法  </span>
                    result.mTask.onCancelled();  
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;  
            }  
        }  
    }  </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li></ul>

由此看出，可以根据消息类型做不同处理：任务完成，任务进度更新，任务取消三类。当任务完成时，即MESSAGE_POST_RESULT，会调用AsyncTask的finish()方法，其中finish()方法的定义如下：

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">          <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">finish</span>(Result result) {  
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (isCancelled()) result = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;  
        onPostExecute(result);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//调用onPostExecute显示结果  </span>
        mStatus = Status.FINISHED;  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//改变状态为FINISHED  </span>
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

原来在finish()方法中是调用onPostExecute(Result result)，这也就才解释了，为什么doInBackground(Params… params)的执行结果会“自动“传到onPostExecute(Result… result)中！当然，如果传过来的消息是”MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL“，那么就会调用AsyncTask 的onCanncelled()方法取消任务；
然后我们看看，在mFuture中这些MESSAGE是如何创建的呢？说完了上面的sHandler为何物，下面看看 MESSAGE的创建过程：

<code class="hljs oxygene has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//发送取消任务的消息  </span>
    message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL,  
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> AsyncTaskResult<<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Result</span>>(AsyncTask.this, (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Result</span>[]) null));  
    message.sendToTarget();

  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//发送显示结果的消息  </span>
    message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT,  
             <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> AsyncTaskResult<<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Result</span>>(AsyncTask.this, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">result</span>));  
message.sendToTarget();  </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

这个AsyncTaskResult又是个啥？

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> AsyncTaskResult<Data> {  
        final AsyncTask mTask;  
        final Data[] mData;  

        AsyncTaskResult(AsyncTask task, Data... data) {  
            mTask = task;  
            mData = data;  
        }  
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>

原来，AsyncTaskResult是一个封装了一个AsyncTask的实例和某种类型的数据集！

在处理消息的时候，我们首先获取到AsyncTaskResult的实例：

<code class="hljs fix has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;"> AsyncTaskResult result </span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj;
</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

然后再使用：

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">//完成任务
result<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.mTask</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.finish</span>(result<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.mData</span>[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>])<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
//更新任务进度
result<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.mTask</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.onProgressUpdate</span>(result<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.mData</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

至此，我们稍微深入地理解了AsyncTask部分源码片段。

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Android异步线程

为什么要有异步线程？因为有些操作是耗时的，比如大量计算啊，网络下载啊等，并且这些耗时操作的结果是需要反应在UI组件上的，比如进度条，计算结果等，如果这些耗时操作放在主线程里，就是阻碍主线程，从而导致用户交互被阻碍，出现假死，甚至ANR（Application not respond）。由此，异步线程的作用就是专门用户处理此类耗时操作，同时不阻碍主线程交互，当耗时操作过程中或者结束后，将结果
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