Robot Motion

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 14171    Accepted Submission(s): 6617

 

Problem Description

A robot has been programmed to follow the instructions in its path. Instructions for the next direction the robot is to move are laid down in a grid. The possible instructions are

N north (up the page)
S south (down the page)
E east (to the right on the page)
W west (to the left on the page)

For example, suppose the robot starts on the north (top) side of Grid 1 and starts south (down). The path the robot follows is shown. The robot goes through 10 instructions in the grid before leaving the grid.

Compare what happens in Grid 2: the robot goes through 3 instructions only once, and then starts a loop through 8 instructions, and never exits.

You are to write a program that determines how long it takes a robot to get out of the grid or how the robot loops around.

 

 

Input

There will be one or more grids for robots to navigate. The data for each is in the following form. On the first line are three integers separated by blanks: the number of rows in the grid, the number of columns in the grid, and the number of the column in which the robot enters from the north. The possible entry columns are numbered starting with one at the left. Then come the rows of the direction instructions. Each grid will have at least one and at most 10 rows and columns of instructions. The lines of instructions contain only the characters N, S, E, or W with no blanks. The end of input is indicated by a row containing 0 0 0.

 

 

Output

For each grid in the input there is one line of output. Either the robot follows a certain number of instructions and exits the grid on any one the four sides or else the robot follows the instructions on a certain number of locations once, and then the instructions on some number of locations repeatedly. The sample input below corresponds to the two grids above and illustrates the two forms of output. The word "step" is always immediately followed by "(s)" whether or not the number before it is 1.

 

 

Sample Input

3 6 5 NEESWE WWWESS SNWWWW 4 5 1 SESWE EESNW NWEEN EWSEN 0 0

 

 

Sample Output

10 step(s) to exit 3 step(s) before a loop of 8 step(s)

 

---

大致题意：给你一个地图  地图上每一个点都有一个指令  机器人只会按照指令行走 如果机器人能够走出去输出走的步数 如果陷入循环则输出循环圈的大小和陷入循环前的步数

解题思路：主要就是用大模拟做 只需要记个步就行

---

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
const int MAXN = 15;
char MAP[MAXN][MAXN];
int vis[MAXN][MAXN];
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int n, m, line;
    while (~scanf("%d %d %d", &n, &m, &line) && (n || m || line))
    {
        getchar();
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++)
                scanf("%c", &MAP[i][j]);
            getchar();
        }
        memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis));
        int x = 1, y = line, step = 0, flag = 0;
        while (1)//模拟机器人走路
        {
            if (x < 1 || y < 1 || x > n || y > m)//走出地图判断
            {
                flag = 1;
                break;
            }
            if (vis[x][y])//死循环
                break;
            step++;
            vis[x][y] = step;//标记地图是否走过  顺便记录到这一步时走了多少步
            switch (MAP[x][y])
            {
                case 'S' : x += 1;
                    break;
                case 'E' : y += 1;
                    break;
                case 'N' : x -= 1;
                    break;
                case 'W' : y -= 1;
                    break;
            }
        }
        if (flag)
            printf("%d step(s) to exit\n", step);
        else
        {
            printf("%d step(s) before a loop of %d step(s)\n", vis[x][y] - 1, step - vis[x][y] + 1);//循环点的步数减一就是陷入循环前的步数
        }
    }
    return 0;
}