java调用https接口

http与https区别

https协议需要到ca申请证书，一般免费证书较少，因而需要一定费用。
http是超文本传输协议，信息是明文传输，https则是具有安全性的ssl加密传输协议。
http和https使用的是完全不同的连接方式，用的端口也不一样，前者是80，后者是443。
http的连接很简单，是无状态的；HTTPS协议是由SSL+HTTP协议构建的可进行加密传输、身份认证的网络协议，比http协议安全。

调用方式与步骤（这里使用跳过证书方式）

MyX509TrustManager 类

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;

public class MyX509TrustManager implements X509TrustManager{

	@Override
	public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

}

HttpRequest类，这里只实现post请求

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;

public class HttpRequest {
	public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
		 PrintWriter out = null;
	     BufferedReader in = null;
	     String result = "";
	     try {
	    	 // 创建SSLContext对象，并使用我们指定的信任管理器初始化     
	    	 TrustManager[] tm = { new MyX509TrustManager() }; 
	    	 SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
	    	 sslContext.init(null, tm, new java.security.SecureRandom());
	    	 
	    	// 从上述SSLContext对象中得到SSLSocketFactory对象     
	         SSLSocketFactory ssf = sslContext.getSocketFactory(); 
	    	// 打开和URL之间的连接
	    	URL realUrl = new URL(url);
	    	HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
	    	conn.setSSLSocketFactory(ssf);
	    	// 设置通用的请求属性
	    	conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
	    	conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
	    	conn.setRequestProperty("content-Type", "application/json");
	    	conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
	    	// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
	    	conn.setDoOutput(true);
	    	conn.setDoInput(true);
	    	// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
	    	out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
	    	// 发送请求参数
	    	out.print(param);
	    	// flush输出流的缓冲
	    	out.flush();
	    	// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
	    	in = new BufferedReader(
	    	new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
	    	String line;
	    	 while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
	    		 result += line;
	    	}
	    	System.out.println("-----result-----"+result);
	    	} catch (Exception e) {
	    		e.printStackTrace();	
	    	} finally {// 使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
                try {
                    if (out != null) {
                        out.close();
                    }
                    if (in != null) {
                        in.close();
                    }
                } catch (IOException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
	     	return result;
	   }
}

测试类

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args){ 
        String url = "访问地址";
        Map<String,Object> param = new HashMap<String,Object>();
	    param.put("参数", "值");
	    String message = JSONUtils.toJSONString(param);
        String str = HttpRequest.sendPost(url, message);
        System.out.println(str);
	}
}