运行jar文件

平时都是在eclipse或者IntelliJ IDEA等IDE中运行java程序。突然有一天，需要将程序打包运行！怎么办呢？今天就给大家分享一下。

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首先，我们看一下示例小程序的整体结构：

小程序很简单吧，注意看三个额外的依赖jar包，后面要提及的。

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接下来，简单地看一下代码：

log4j.rootLogger = debug,stdout,D,E

log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = [%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} method:%l%n%m%n

log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = DEBUG 
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n

log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.E.Append = true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR 
log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n

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drivername=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
dburl=jdbc:mysql://node3.quantumsec.cn:3306/mydatabase?zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&autoReconnect=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8
username=root
password=hadoop123

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package com.metron.database;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;

public class DBConnection {
    public static Connection conn = null;
    public static String driverClass = "";
    public static String dbURL = "";
    public static String dbUser = "";
    public static String dbPwd = "";

    static {
        loadProperty();
    }

    public static boolean loadProperty() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        try {
            properties.load(DBConnection.class.getResourceAsStream("db.properties"));
            driverClass = properties.getProperty("drivername");
            dbURL = properties.getProperty("dburl");
            dbUser = properties.getProperty("username");
            dbPwd = properties.getProperty("password");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    public static void openConn() {
        try {
            Class.forName(driverClass).newInstance();
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbURL, dbUser, dbPwd);
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
            return;
        }
    }

    public static void closeConn() {
        if (conn != null) {
            try {
                conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            conn = null;
        }
    }

    public static void closeStatement(Statement stmt) {
        if (stmt != null) {
            try {
                stmt.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            stmt = null;
        }
    }

    public static void closeResultSet(ResultSet rs) {
        if (rs != null) {
            try {
                rs.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            rs = null;
        }
    }
}

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package com.metron.database;

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return "name : " + this.name + " , age : " + this.age;
    }

}

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package com.metron.database;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class MainTest {

    private static Logger _LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MainTest.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        Person person = new Person();

        if (DBConnection.conn == null) {
            DBConnection.openConn();
        }

        _LOG.info("url : " + DBConnection.dbURL);
        _LOG.info("usr : " + DBConnection.dbUser);
        _LOG.info("pwd : " + DBConnection.dbPwd);

        try {
            String sql = "select * from person";
            PreparedStatement ps = DBConnection.conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()) {
                person.setName(rs.getString("name"));
                person.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
                _LOG.info(person.toString());
            }
            DBConnection.closeResultSet(rs);
            DBConnection.closeStatement(ps);
            DBConnection.closeConn();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


    }

}

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确定代码没有问题，我们就可以打包了：

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到这里，程序还是不能直接运行的，因为我们的依赖包是没有包含进来。下面添加依赖包。在jar文件里边的META-INF目录下，有一个名为MANIFEST.MF的文件，我们打开它，添加下面一句话：

Class-Path: lib/mysql-connector-java-5.1.37-bin.jar lib/slf4j-api-1.7.7.jar lib/slf4j-simple-1.7.1.jar

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好了，依赖包确实配置好了，可是包放在哪里呢？是这样的：我们在刚才的程序包–MysqlConnTestDemo.jar的统计目录下创建一个名为“lib”的文件夹，然后将依赖的jar包放进去就可以了。

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接下来，就可以运行程序了。