结果映射
ResultMap, 结果映射,默认地,可以将查询的结果映射为POJO, Map 比如,
<select id="getStudent" resultType="my.Student">
</select>
<select id="getStudent" resultType="hashmap">
</select>
有时候,需要自己来指定映射关系。 比如,有一个teacher表,其字段是中文。那么现在建立一个Teacher类,如何才能把中文字段和pojo类一一对应起来?这时候就需要用到结果映射了。
- 要点:
先配置好一个 <resultMap>
再引用这个 ResultMap
用<id>表示唯一标识字段,用<result>表示普通字段
1.用sql脚本导入数据库 teacher表
/*
SQLyog Ultimate v11.24 (32 bit)
MySQL - 5.6.39 : Database - af_example
*********************************************************************
*/
/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=''*/;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/`af_example` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */;
USE `af_example`;
/*Table structure for table `teacher` */
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `teacher`;
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT 'ID',
`姓名` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
`科目` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*Data for the table `teacher` */
insert into `teacher`(`id`,`姓名`,`科目`) values (2001,'周杰伦','Java'),(2002,'唐月','实践'),(2003,'斩空','历练');
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
表结构:
2.创建一个Teacher的POJO类,此时POJO与数据库的列名是无法对应上的
package my;
public class Teacher
{
public int id;
public String name;
public String subject;
public int getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(int id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public String getSubject()
{
return subject;
}
public void setSubject(String subject)
{
this.subject = subject;
}
}
3.创建一个mybatis-mapper-teacher.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="af.test2">
<!-- 自定义映射 -->
<resultMap id="teacherMapping" type="my.Teacher">
<id property="id" column="id" />
<result property="name" column="姓名"/>
<result property="subject" column="科目"/>
</resultMap>
<!-- 在查询时,使用自定义映射 -->
<select id="selectTeacher" resultMap="teacherMapping">
select * from teacher
</select>
<!-- 也可以使用Map接收 -->
<select id="selectTeacher2" resultType="hashmap">
select * from teacher
</select>
<!-- 也可以使用 AS改一下结果的列名 -->
<select id="selectTeacher3" resultType="my.Teacher">
select id, 姓名 as name, 科目 as subject from teacher
</select>
</mapper>
4.修改mybatis-config.xml,把刚刚创建的自定义映射xml添加到mappers里面
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/af_example?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="a1b2c3"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mybatis-mapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="mybatis-mapper-teacher.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
5.测试
package my;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
public class Test
{
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
// 创建 SqlSessionFactory
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
// 使用简化的try-with-resources语法,等效于try..finally语句
// 使用自定义的 ResultMap接收
try (SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) {
List<Teacher> rows = session.selectList("af.test2.selectTeacher");
System.out.println("查得记录数: " + rows.size());
}
// 使用 Map接收
try (SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) {
List<Map> rows = session.selectList("af.test2.selectTeacher2");
System.out.println("查得记录数: " + rows.size());
}
try (SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) {
List<Teacher> rows = session.selectList("af.test2.selectTeacher3");
System.out.println("查得记录数: " + rows.size());
}
System.out.println("Exit");
}
}
6.调试结果
- 使用自定义的 ResultMap接收
- 使用 Map接收
- 字段别名查询结果
- 要点:
1.mapper里面resultType 与 resultMap 不可以同时指定
2.mybatis-config.xml可以有多个 Mapper XML文件
3.不一定要使用自定义技术,其实直接用HashMap接收也是可以的