Python扫码登录保存和验证cookies值——知乎篇（十）

一、找到生成二维码网址

• 知乎扫码登录还是比较简单的，没有任何加密
• 打开知乎扫码登录页面：https://www.zhihu.com/signin

• 按F12找到生成token参数的链接：https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode

• 下面这个链接就是二维码图片的链接
  
• 看看二维码的网址变化，发现

https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode/PMvdQ7xoQzKAeYMu/image?utm_campaign=internal&utm_medium=qr&utm_source=login&utm_term=force_launch&utm_content=qrscand

• PMvdQ7xoQzKAeYMu就是token值，那就好办了，先访问生成token的链接

session = requests.session()
session.post('https://www.zhihu.com/udid',headers=headers)
url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode'
login = session.post(url, headers=headers).json()
token = login['token']

• 有人会问，session.post('https://www.zhihu.com/udid',headers=headers)这是什么
• 如果直接访问https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode是生成不出token值的
• 访问此链接必须要一个cookie参数，访问https://www.zhihu.com/udid会成生d_c0值

session = requests.session()
session.post('https://www.zhihu.com/udid',headers=headers)
print(session.cookies)
#输出 <RequestsCookieJar[<Cookie _xsrf=pstHRRvS……for .zhihu.com/>, <Cookie d_c0="AABcp1NOzRKPTp_iA8w20SrgUDO0gArUw1E=|16157

• session类，有储存cookie功能，所以要先访问https://www.zhihu.com/udid链接

二、输入token值，显示二维码

• 上面得到了token值，那现在就把token值放入二维码链接中，打开二维码

session = requests.session()
session.post('https://www.zhihu.com/udid',headers=headers)
url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode'
login = session.post(url, headers=headers).json()
token = login['token']
tokenurl = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode/{}/image?utm_campaign=internal&utm_medium=qr&utm_source=login&utm_term=force_launch&utm_content=qrscand'
png = session.get(tokenurl.format(token),headers=headers)
t = showpng(png.content)
t.start()   #打开二维码

• 二维码弹出，进行扫码操作之前，要找到二维码状态的链接

• 这个链接一般都是实时更新的，确保二维码时效性

• 发现此链接也需要token值，将其放入该链接进行访问，测试登录结果

session = requests.session()
session.post('https://www.zhihu.com/udid',headers=headers)
url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode'
login = session.post(url, headers=headers).json()
token = login['token']
tokenurl = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode/{}/image?utm_campaign=internal&utm_medium=qr&utm_source=login&utm_term=force_launch&utm_content=qrscand'
png = session.get(tokenurl.format(token),headers=headers)
t = showpng(png.content)
t.start()
dataurl = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode/{}/scan_info'
while 1:
    data = session.get(dataurl.format(token), headers=headers).json()
    try:
        if '0' in str(data['status']):
            print('二维码未失效，请扫码！')
        elif '1' in str(data['status']):
            print('已扫码，请确认！')
        else:
            break
    except:
        print('登录成功！')
        break
    time.sleep(2)

三、保存cookie和验证cookie是否登录

完整代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pickle
import agent
from threading import Thread
import time
import requests
from io import BytesIO
import os
from PIL import Image
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()

headers = {'User-Agent': agent.get_user_agents(),'referer': 'https://www.zhihu.com/'}

class showpng(Thread):
    def __init__(self, data):
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self.data = data

    def run(self):
        img = Image.open(BytesIO(self.data))
        img.show()

def islogin(session):
    try:
        session.cookies.load(ignore_discard=True)
    except Exception:
        pass
    loginurl = session.get("https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/me?include=visits_count", headers=headers).json()
    try:
        if loginurl['messages_count'] == 0:
            print('Cookies值有效，', loginurl['name'],'，已登录！')
            return session, True
        else:
            print('Cookies值已经失效，请重新扫码登录！')
            return session, False
    except:
        print('Cookies值已经失效，请重新扫码登录！')
        return session, False


def login():
    # 写入
    session = requests.session()
    if not os.path.exists('zhcookies.cookie'):
        with open('zhcookies.cookie', 'wb') as f:
            pickle.dump(session.cookies, f)
    # 读取
    session.cookies = pickle.load(open('zhcookies.cookie', 'rb'))
    session, status = islogin(session)
    if not status:
        session = requests.session()
        session.post('https://www.zhihu.com/udid', headers=headers)
        url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode'
        login = session.post(url, headers=headers).json()
        token = login['token']
        tokenurl = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode/{}/image?utm_campaign=internal&utm_medium=qr&utm_source=login&utm_term=force_launch&utm_content=qrscand'
        png = session.get(tokenurl.format(token), headers=headers)
        t = showpng(png.content)
        t.start()
        dataurl = 'https://www.zhihu.com/api/v3/account/api/login/qrcode/{}/scan_info'
        while 1:
            data = session.get(dataurl.format(token), headers=headers).json()
            try:
                if '0' in str(data['status']):
                    print('二维码未失效，请扫码！')
                elif '1' in str(data['status']):
                    print('已扫码，请确认！')
                else:
                    break
            except:
                name = session.get('https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/me?include=visits_count', headers=headers).json()
                print( name['name'],'登录成功！')
                break
            time.sleep(2)
        with open('zhcookies.cookie', 'wb') as f:
            pickle.dump(session.cookies, f)
    return session

if __name__ == '__main__':
    login()

四 、 更多文章

1. 抖音篇（一）
2. 快手篇（二）
3. 微视篇（三）
4. 微信公众号篇（四）
5. 微博篇（五））
6. B站篇（六））
7. CSDN篇（八））
8. 网易云音乐篇（九））

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