解决的问题
在不改变现有代码的情况下,可以搭配出新的行为
最典型的装饰者模式,java.io类
结构图如下:
案例
此处以星巴克的咖啡为例,咖啡分为拿铁、美式、摩卡等;调料分为牛奶,榛果,焦糖等;杯子尺寸分为中,大,超大。
Caffe类
/**
* 咖啡
* @author zhaochaofeng
* @date 2019/10/28 15:55
*/
public abstract class Caffe {
String description= "Unknown Caffe";
private String size;
public void setDescription(String description) {
this.description = description;
}
public String getSize() {
return size;
}
public void setSize(String size) {
this.size = size;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public abstract double cost();
}
LatteCaffe类
/**
* 拿铁
* @author zhaochaofeng
* @date 2019/10/28 15:59
*/
public class LatteCaffe extends Caffe {
public LatteCaffe() {
description = "Latte";
}
@Override
public double cost() {
return 32;
}
}
CaffeSeasoning类
import com.zcf.chapter03.Caffe;
/**
* 调料
* @author zhaochaofeng
* @date 2019/10/28 15:58
*/
public abstract class CaffeSeasoning extends Caffe {
@Override
public abstract String getDescription();
}
Milk类
import com.zcf.chapter03.Caffe;
/**
* 牛奶
* @author zhaochaofeng
* @date 2019/10/28 16:13
*/
public class Milk extends CaffeSeasoning {
Caffe caffe;
public Milk(Caffe caffe) {
this.caffe = caffe;
}
@Override
public String getDescription() {
return caffe.getDescription()+",Milk";
}
@Override
public double cost() {
return 3.00+caffe.cost();
}
}
Water类
import com.zcf.chapter03.Caffe;
import com.zcf.chapter03.CaffeSize;
/**
* 水(必须品)
* @author zhaochaofeng
* @date 2019/10/28 16:59
*/
public class Water extends CaffeSeasoning {
Caffe caffe;
/**
* 默认是中等
* @param caffe
*/
public Water(Caffe caffe) {
this.caffe = caffe;
caffe.setSize(CaffeSize.Grande.getType());
}
public Water(Caffe caffe, String size) {
this.caffe = caffe;
caffe.setSize(size);
}
@Override
public String getSize() {
return caffe.getSize();
}
@Override
public String getDescription() {
return caffe.getSize()+" "+caffe.getDescription()+",Water";
}
@Override
public double cost() {
double cost = caffe.cost();
return cost + CaffeSize.getCostByType(caffe.getSize());
}
}
以上是部分代码,其中Water是必须修饰类,因此将尺寸整合到这里,详细代码见https://github.com/mynameiszhaochaofeng/design.git
参考书籍:Head First设计模式