软件设计原则之依赖倒置原则

定义：高层模块不应该依赖底层模块，二者都应该依赖抽象
抽象不应该依赖细节，细节应该依赖抽象
针对接口编程，不要针对实现编程

优点：减少类间的耦合性、提高系统稳定性，提高代码可读性和可维护性，可降低修改程序所造成的风险

public class Student {
	
	private String name;
	
	public Student(){}
	
	public Student(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public void studyJAVACourse() {
		System.out.println("学习JAVA课程");
	}
	
	public void studyPHPCourse() {
		System.out.println("学习PHP课程");
	}
}

此处相当于高层模块，依赖于Student，因为如果此时想再增加一个学Python的，就会在student里增加，高层模块才能调用

@Test
	public void test1() throws Exception {
		Student stu = new Student("小明");
		stu.studyJAVACourse();
		stu.studyPHPCourse();
	}

改进
定义课程接口

public interface ICourse {
	void studyCourse();
}

定义JAVA课程

public class JAVACourse implements ICourse {

	@Override
	public void studyCourse() {
		System.out.println("学习JAVA课程");
	}

}

定义PHP课程

public class PHPCourse implements ICourse {

	@Override
	public void studyCourse() {
		System.out.println("学习PHP课程");
	}

}

学生

public class Student {
	
	private String name;
	private ICourse course;
	
	public Student(){}
	
	public void setCourse(ICourse course) {
		this.course = course;
	}
	
	public Student(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public void studyCourse() {
		course.studyCourse();
	}
}

高层模块

@Test
	public void test1() throws Exception {
		Student stu = new Student("小明");
		JAVACourse javaCourse = new JAVACourse();
		PHPCourse phpCourse = new PHPCourse();
		stu.setCourse(phpCourse);
		stu.studyCourse();
	}