Spring Boot发送邮件

1 依赖

引入spring mail的依赖:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

2 yml配置

配置邮件发送的属性:

spring:
  mail:
    host: smtp.qiye.163.com
    default-encoding: utf-8
    username: 123456@163.com
    protocol: smtp
    password: balabalabala
    properties:
      mail:
        smtp:
          auth: true
          starttls:
            enable: true
            required: true
          socketFactory:
            class: javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory
        ssl:
          enable: true

3 发送示例代码

发送的调用代码:

@Component
public class DummySender {

    private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

    @Autowired
    public void setMailSender(JavaMailSender javaMailSender) {
        this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
    }

    /**
     * 发送多媒体邮件
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void sendMimeEmail()throws Exception {

        MimeMessage message = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();

        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
        helper.setTo("123456@qq.com");
        helper.setSubject("测试邮件");
        helper.setFrom("123456@163.com");
        helper.setText("测试发送附件!");

        // 设置附件
        FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("/path/to/test.pdf"));
        helper.addAttachment("test.pdf", file);

        javaMailSender.send(message);

    }


    /**
     * 发送简单的邮件
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void sendEmail() throws Exception {

        SimpleMailMessage msg = new SimpleMailMessage();
        msg.setSubject("测试邮件");
        msg.setFrom("123456@163.com");
        msg.setTo("123456@qq.com");


        msg.setText(
                "测试邮件100861");
        try {
            this.javaMailSender.send(msg);
        } catch (MailException ex) {
            // simply log it and go on...
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

原理说明: spring boot的自动配置机制在发现class path有邮件的依赖时, 会自动根据spring.mail的属性配置, 注入JavaMailSender等相关的实例.

测试代码:

@SpringBootTest
class DummySenderTest {


    @Autowired
    private DummySender dummySender;

    @Test
    void should_send_a_mime_email() throws Exception{
        dummySender.sendMimeEmail();
    }

    @Test
    void should_send_a_simple_email() throws Exception{
        dummySender.sendEmail();
    }
}

4 注意事项

• 企业邮箱的smtp可能和个人邮箱的不同, 比如网易企业邮箱为smtp.qiye.163.com, 配置成smtp.163.com会导致认证失败, 无法发送.

• 一些邮箱需要开启ssl传输.

参考

spring 框架官方文档

spring boot官方文档