ElasticSearch学习笔记 | 更新数据、删除数据和批量操作

一、PUT / POST更新数据

POST访问地址（PUT访问提示405方法不允许）：

http://127.0.0.1:9200/customer/external/1/_update

Body数据：

{
    "doc":{
        "name": "JSON D0oe"
    }
}

返回结果：

{
    "_index": "customer",
    "_type": "external",
    "_id": "1",
    "_version": 6,
    "result": "updated",
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 6,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

当我们再次发送请求时会发现请求成功，但是版本号没有发生变化，返回结果中result变成了noop，表示没有发生变化

"result": "noop",

我们可以得出结论：

在更新操作时，URL带_update时，更新前会比对新老数据，如果我们新数据和旧数据完全相同，将不会进行任何操作，不会影响序列号、版本号信息。

如果URI不带_update，不会检查原数据

二、增加属性更新

增加属性更新和上方规则相同，直接添加属性都可以正常保存。下面仅以PUT为例：

访问地址：

PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/customer/external/1

Body请求数据：

{
    "name": "JSON Doe",
    "age": 30
}

再次使用GET查询返回结果：

{
    "_index": "customer",
    "_type": "external",
    "_id": "1",
    "_version": 9,
    "_seq_no": 9,
    "_primary_term": 1,
    "found": true,
    "_source": {
        "name": "JSON Doe",
        "age": 30
    }
}

三、删除数据信息

访问信息：

DELETE http://127.0.0.1:9200/customer/external/1

返回结果：

{
    "_index": "customer",
    "_type": "external",
    "_id": "1",
    "_version": 10,
    "result": "deleted",
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 10,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

尝试使用GET方法查询，返回没找到：

{
    "_index": "customer",
    "_type": "external",
    "_id": "1",
    "found": false
}

四、删除整个索引

访问信息：

DELETE http://127.0.0.1:9200/customer/

返回结果：

{
    "acknowledged": true
}

尝试使用GET方法查询，返回404错误：

{
    "error": {
        "root_cause": [
            {
                "type": "index_not_found_exception",
                "reason": "no such index [customer]",
                "resource.type": "index_expression",
                "resource.id": "customer",
                "index_uuid": "_na_",
                "index": "customer"
            }
        ],
        "type": "index_not_found_exception",
        "reason": "no such index [customer]",
        "resource.type": "index_expression",
        "resource.id": "customer",
        "index_uuid": "_na_",
        "index": "customer"
    },
    "status": 404
}

五、bluk批量操作

由于POSTMan无法完成本功能，会出现400错误，出错原因是由于POSTMan自动优化了换行符号。

我们这时需要采用Kibana完成，官网就能下，可以搜一下教程几个命令安装很简单。

【案例一】

在左侧边栏（如果没有左上角有一个 ”三“ 点一下）点击 Dev Tool输入下面内容：

POST /customer/external/_bulk
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"name": "JSON Doe"}
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
{"name": "Jone Doe"}

返回结果：

#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in bulk requests is deprecated.
{
  "took" : 753,
  "errors" : false,
  "items" : [
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "customer",
        "_type" : "external",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 0,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    },
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "customer",
        "_type" : "external",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 1,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    }
  ]
}

【案例二】

Dev Tool输入下面内容：

POST /_bulk
{"delete": {"_index": "website", "_type": "blog", "_id": "123"}}
{"create": {"_index": "website", "_type": "blog", "_id": "123"}}
{"title": "My first blog post"}

返回结果：

#! Deprecation: [types removal] Specifying types in bulk requests is deprecated.
{
  "took" : 940,
  "errors" : false,
  "items" : [
    {
      "delete" : {
        "_index" : "website",
        "_type" : "blog",
        "_id" : "123",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "not_found",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 0,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 404
      }
    },
    {
      "create" : {
        "_index" : "website",
        "_type" : "blog",
        "_id" : "123",
        "_version" : 2,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 1,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    }
  ]
}

由此可见批量操作中的每一个操作相互独立，可以独立成功或失败，彼此没有影响。