序列中所有的元素都是有编号的——从0开始递增
greeting = 'Hello'
greeting[0]
Out[7]: 'H'
这就是索引,可以通过索引获取元素,所有序列都可以通过这种方式进行索引。使用负数索引,python会从右边,也就是最后1个元素开始计数。最后一个元素的位置编号是-1.
greeting[-1]
Out[8]: 'o'
'Hello'[1]
Out[9]: 'e'
fourth = raw_input('Year: ')[3]
Year: 2017
fourth
Out[11]: '7'
例子:
months = [
'January',
'February',
'March',
'April',
'May',
'June',
'July',
'August',
'September',
'October',
'November',
'December'
]
endings = ['st','nd','rd'] + 17 *['th'] \
+ ['st','nd','rd'] + 7 * ['th'] \
+ ['st']
year =raw_input('Year: ')
month =raw_input('Month (1-12):')
day =raw_input('Day (1-31):')
month_number = int(month)
day_number = int(day)
month_name = months[month_number-1]
ordinal = day + endings[day_number-1]
print month_name + ' ' + ordinal + ', '+year