2018.8.13 《剑指Offer》从零单刷个人笔记整理(66题全)目录传送门
这道题的思路和遍历差不多,用递归的思想做即可。若要判断二叉树B是否为A的子树,先遍历A的每一个结点并进行匹配,若出现左右结点相同则根据右子树结构进行递归遍历,满足所有结点与右子树相等则返回true。
题目描述
输入两棵二叉树A,B,判断B是不是A的子结构。(ps:我们约定空树不是任意一个树的子结构)
Java实现代码:
/**
*
* @author ChopinXBP
* 输入两棵二叉树A,B,判断B是不是A的子结构。(ps:我们约定空树不是任意一个树的子结构)
*
*
*/
public class HasBintree {
public static class TreeNode {
int val = 0;
TreeNode left = null;
TreeNode right = null;
public TreeNode(int val) {
this.val = val;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
TreeNode root1 = new TreeNode(0);
TreeNode pNode1 = root1;
pNode1.left = new TreeNode(8);
pNode1 = root1.left;
pNode1.left = new TreeNode(8);
pNode1 = root1.left;
pNode1.left = new TreeNode(9);
pNode1 = root1.left;
pNode1.left = new TreeNode(2);
pNode1 = root1.left;
pNode1.left = new TreeNode(5);
TreeNode root2 = new TreeNode(8);
TreeNode pNode2 = root2;
pNode2.right = new TreeNode(9);
pNode2 = root2.right;
pNode2.left = new TreeNode(3);
pNode2.right = new TreeNode(2);
boolean result = Solution(root1, root2);
System.out.println(result);
}
public static boolean Solution(TreeNode root1, TreeNode root2){
//判断边界
if(root1 == null || root2 == null) return false;
//以当前结点所在子树进行匹配||以当前结点左子结点所在子树进行匹配||以当前结点右子结点所在子树进行匹配
return isSameTree(root1, root2) || Solution(root1.left, root2) || Solution(root1.right, root2);
}
//判断root1在该结点对应的子树是否与root2匹配
public static boolean isSameTree(TreeNode root1, TreeNode root2){
if(root2 == null) return true; //遍历到root2的边界
else if(root1 == null && root2 != null) return false; //遍历到root1的边界
//当前结点&&左子树所有结点&&右子树所有结点
if(root1.val == root2.val){
return isSameTree(root1.left, root2.left) && isSameTree(root1.right, root2.right);
}else{
return false;
}
}
}
C++解法示例:
bool HasSubtree(BinaryTreeNode* pRoot1, BinaryTreeNode* pRoot2)
{
bool result = false;
if(pRoot1 != NULL && pRoot2 != NULL)
{
if(pRoot1->m_nValue == pRoot2->m_nValue)
result = DoesTree1HaveTree2(pRoot1, pRoot2);
if(!result)
result = HasSubtree(pRoot1->m_pLeft, pRoot2);
if(!result)
result = HasSubtree(pRoot1->m_pRight, pRoot2);
}
return result;
}
bool DoesTree1HaveTree2(BinaryTreeNode* pRoot1, BinaryTreeNode* pRoot2)
{
if(pRoot2 == NULL)
return true;
if(pRoot1 == NULL)
return false;
if(pRoot1->m_nValue != pRoot2->m_nValue)
return false;
return DoesTree1HaveTree2(pRoot1->m_pLeft, pRoot2->m_pLeft) &&
DoesTree1HaveTree2(pRoot1->m_pRight, pRoot2->m_pRight);
}
测试代码:
// ====================测试代码====================
void Test(char* testName, BinaryTreeNode* pRoot1, BinaryTreeNode* pRoot2, bool expected)
{
if(HasSubtree(pRoot1, pRoot2) == expected)
printf("%s passed.\n", testName);
else
printf("%s failed.\n", testName);
}
// 树中结点含有分叉,树B是树A的子结构
// 8 8
// / \ / \
// 8 7 9 2
// / \
// 9 2
// / \
// 4 7
void Test1()
{
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(7);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA5 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA6 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(4);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA7 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(7);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA1, pNodeA2, pNodeA3);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA2, pNodeA4, pNodeA5);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA5, pNodeA6, pNodeA7);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB1, pNodeB2, pNodeB3);
Test("Test1", pNodeA1, pNodeB1, true);
DestroyTree(pNodeA1);
DestroyTree(pNodeB1);
}
// 树中结点含有分叉,树B不是树A的子结构
// 8 8
// / \ / \
// 8 7 9 2
// / \
// 9 3
// / \
// 4 7
void Test2()
{
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(7);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA5 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(3);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA6 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(4);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA7 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(7);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA1, pNodeA2, pNodeA3);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA2, pNodeA4, pNodeA5);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA5, pNodeA6, pNodeA7);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB1, pNodeB2, pNodeB3);
Test("Test2", pNodeA1, pNodeB1, false);
DestroyTree(pNodeA1);
DestroyTree(pNodeB1);
}
// 树中结点只有左子结点,树B是树A的子结构
// 8 8
// / /
// 8 9
// / /
// 9 2
// /
// 2
// /
// 5
void Test3()
{
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA5 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(5);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA1, pNodeA2, NULL);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA2, pNodeA3, NULL);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA3, pNodeA4, NULL);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA4, pNodeA5, NULL);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB1, pNodeB2, NULL);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB2, pNodeB3, NULL);
Test("Test3", pNodeA1, pNodeB1, true);
DestroyTree(pNodeA1);
DestroyTree(pNodeB1);
}
// 树中结点只有左子结点,树B不是树A的子结构
// 8 8
// / /
// 8 9
// / /
// 9 3
// /
// 2
// /
// 5
void Test4()
{
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA5 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(5);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA1, pNodeA2, NULL);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA2, pNodeA3, NULL);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA3, pNodeA4, NULL);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA4, pNodeA5, NULL);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(3);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB1, pNodeB2, NULL);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB2, pNodeB3, NULL);
Test("Test4", pNodeA1, pNodeB1, false);
DestroyTree(pNodeA1);
DestroyTree(pNodeB1);
}
// 树中结点只有右子结点,树B是树A的子结构
// 8 8
// \ \
// 8 9
// \ \
// 9 2
// \
// 2
// \
// 5
void Test5()
{
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA5 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(5);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA1, NULL, pNodeA2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA2, NULL, pNodeA3);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA3, NULL, pNodeA4);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA4, NULL, pNodeA5);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB1, NULL, pNodeB2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB2, NULL, pNodeB3);
Test("Test5", pNodeA1, pNodeB1, true);
DestroyTree(pNodeA1);
DestroyTree(pNodeB1);
}
// 树A中结点只有右子结点,树B不是树A的子结构
// 8 8
// \ \
// 8 9
// \ / \
// 9 3 2
// \
// 2
// \
// 5
void Test6()
{
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA5 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(5);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA1, NULL, pNodeA2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA2, NULL, pNodeA3);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA3, NULL, pNodeA4);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA4, NULL, pNodeA5);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(3);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB1, NULL, pNodeB2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB2, pNodeB3, pNodeB4);
Test("Test6", pNodeA1, pNodeB1, false);
DestroyTree(pNodeA1);
DestroyTree(pNodeB1);
}
// 树A为空树
void Test7()
{
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(3);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeB4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB1, NULL, pNodeB2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeB2, pNodeB3, pNodeB4);
Test("Test7", NULL, pNodeB1, false);
DestroyTree(pNodeB1);
}
// 树B为空树
void Test8()
{
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA1 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA2 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA3 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(3);
BinaryTreeNode* pNodeA4 = CreateBinaryTreeNode(2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA1, NULL, pNodeA2);
ConnectTreeNodes(pNodeA2, pNodeA3, pNodeA4);
Test("Test8", pNodeA1, NULL, false);
DestroyTree(pNodeA1);
}
// 树A和树B都为空
void Test9()
{
Test("Test9", NULL, NULL, false);
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
Test1();
Test2();
Test3();
Test4();
Test5();
Test6();
Test7();
Test8();
Test9();
return 0;
}
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