docker-13-安装python环境并从外部调用容器内的程序

Docker 安装 Python

1 构建含指定包的python镜像

1.1 下载基础镜像

docker pull python:3.6
(1)创建容器【创建完以后，会直接进入容器】
docker run -it  python:3.6 /bin/bash
(2)用-it创建的容器，退出后，会停止运行
[root@cf18727fd569 /]# exit退出容器
(3)查看安装的包
[root@cf18727fd569 /]python3
[root@cf18727fd569 /]pip list 

1.2 构建dockerfile

文件dockerfile

FROM python:3.6
MAINTAINER bingbing <123456789@qq.com>
RUN pip3 install pip -U
RUN pip3 config set global.index-url http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
RUN pip3 config set install.trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com
RUN pip3 install pandas==1.0.0
RUN pip3 install scikit-learn==0.24.2
RUN pip3 install redis==4.0.0

创建并存储用于后期加载

docker build -f dockerfile -t mypython36:1.0 .
docker save -o mypython36.tar mypython36:1.0打包
docker load -i mypython36.tar加载

2 外部调用容器里的命令

2.1 宿主机中创建文件

文件helloworld.py位于宿主机/root/myuse的下面

mkdir /root/myuse
vi helloworld.py
print("hello,world")

chmod a+x helloworld.py

2.2 调用方式

docker run  
-v /root/myuse:/usr/src/myapp  
-w /usr/src/myapp 
mypython36:1.0 
python3 helloworld.py

命令说明：
(1)-v /root/myuse:/usr/src/myapp: 
将主机中目录下的内容挂载到容器的/usr/src/myapp。
映射时，宿主机目录有什么，容器对应目录中也有什么。
(2)-w /usr/src/myapp: 
指定容器的/usr/src/myapp目录为工作目录。
(3)mypython36:1.0 
镜像
(4)python3 helloworld.py: 
使用容器的python命令来执行工作目录中的helloworld.py文件。

3 python调用shell命令

直接调用容器中的内容

3.1 subprocess.Popen()方式

访问返回到stdout的内容。

3.1.1 use.py

import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("直接输出")

3.1.2 main.py

import subprocess
cmd_list = ["docker","run","-v","/root/myuse:/usr/src/myapp","-w","/usr/src/myapp","mypython36:1.0","python3","use.py"]
child = subprocess.Popen(cmd_list,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)

print(child.stdout.read().decode())

3.1.3 main2.py

 x = sys.stdin
for line in x:
	print(line)
	break

送到容器的stdin。

import subprocess
with open("use.txt","r",encoding="utf-8") as fr:
    data_json = fr.read() # 字符串
data_bytes = data_json.encode(encoding="utf-8")
cmd_str = "echo '{}'|docker run -i -v /root/myuse:/usr/src/myapp -w /usr/src/myapp mypython36:2.0 python3 __init__.py".format(data_json)
child = subprocess.Popen(cmd_str,shell=True,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
re = child.stdout.read().decode()
print(re)

3.2 sys.argv[1]方式

直接传参的方式。

3.2.1 use.py

import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("子进程",sys.argv[1])

3.2.2 main.py

import subprocess
with open("use.txt","r",encoding="utf-8") as fr:
    data_json = fr.read() # 字符串

cmd_str = "docker run -v /root/myuse:/usr/src/myapp -w /usr/src/myapp mypython36:1.0 python3 use.py '{}'".format(data_json)
re = subprocess.getoutput(cmd_str)
print("主进程",re)

3.3 os.popen()方式

3.3.1 use.py

import sys
x = sys.stdin
for line in x:
    print("receive",line)
    break # 执行一次后退出循环，否则会一直持续等待运行

3.3.2 main.py

一、调用宿主机的环境

import os
with open("use.txt","r",encoding="utf-8") as fr:
    data_json = fr.read() # 字符串
re = os.popen("echo '{}'|python3 test.py".format(data_json)).read()
print(re)

3.4 docker容器从stdin读取数据

需要使--interactive或-i以交互模式运行容器。

3.4.1 use.py

import sys
x = sys.stdin
for line in x:
    print("receive",line)
    break # 执行一次后退出循环，否则会一直持续等待运行

3.4.2 main.py

import os
with open("use.txt","r",encoding="utf-8") as fr:
    data_json = fr.read() # 字符串
re = os.popen("echo '{}'| docker run -i -v /root/myuse:/usr/src/myapp -w /usr/src/myapp mypython36:1.0 python3 test.py".format(data_json)).read()
print(re)

4 图计算结构

4.1 sys.argv[1]传参方式

def main():
   line = sys.argv[1]

   start_time = time.time()
   graph_data = Graph.from_json(line)

   try:
       g = graph_data.graph
       x = g.topoSort()

       e = Executor(g.nodes, g.edges)
       e.run(x, graph_data)

   except Exception as err:  # 这里会触发 Too broad exception clause 校验
       message = "".join(traceback.format_exc())
       graph_data.exceptions.append("设备{0}数据处理异常: {1}。".format(
           graph_data.datasource["config"]["devid"], message))

   try:
       graph_data.timeconsuming = str(time.time() - start_time)
       sys.stdout.write(graph_data.to_json() + '\n')
   except Exception as err:
       message = "".join(
           traceback.format_exception_only(
               err.__class__, err))
       graph1 = Graph.from_json(line)
       graph1.exceptions.append("设备{0}数据处理异常: {1}。".format(
           graph1.datasource["config"]["devid"], message))
       sys.stdout.write(graph1.to_json() + '\n')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()