Nginx高热备之keepalived

Nginx安装、以及反向代理、负载均衡、资源动静分离简介请参考我上一篇日志：
http://blog.csdn.net/qq_20641565/article/details/53154200

• Nginx高热备
  在原基础上多搭建一个或者多个Nginx服务器，并且使用keepalived或者heartbeat使他们形成热备，能互相争夺IP。

• 安装keepalived

• 1.解压软件包

[root@server1 src]# tar -xzvf keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gz

• 2../configure –prefix 检测安装环境并且指定安装目录

[root@server1 src]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

• 3.编译安装

[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# make&&make install

• 4.将keepalived添加到系统服务中

#拷贝执行文件
cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

#将init.d文件拷贝到etc下,加入开机启动项
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
/etc/init.d/keepalived

#将keepalived文件拷贝到etc下
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ 

#创建keepalived文件夹
mkdir -p /etc/keepalived

#将keepalived配置文件拷贝到etc下
cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

#添加可执行权限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived

[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived
[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ 
[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# mkdir -p /etc/keepalived
[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived
[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# chkconfig --add keepalived
[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# chkconfig keepalived on

• 5.配置keepalived文件

[root@server1 keepalived-1.2.19]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

#配置文件修改virtual_ipaddress
#MASTER 为主节点 BACKUP 为备节点
#priority 优先级，主节点必须比从节点高
#virtual_ipaddress 指定虚拟IP, 两个节点设置必须一样
#authentication 设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致

1.主节点：
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.80.161/24
    }
}

2.从节点
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 90
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.80.161/24
    }
}

• 6.启动两台服务器的keepalived

[root@lijie keepalived-1.2.19]# service keepalived start
Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

• 7.通过ip addr 查询虚拟IP

#主节点：
[root@server1 bin]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:2b:f8:e0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.80.126/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global eth0
    inet 192.168.80.161/24 scope global secondary eth0
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe2b:f8e0/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#从节点
[root@lijie bin]# ipaddr
-bash: ipaddr: command not found
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@lijie bin]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:1d:84:85 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.80.123/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global eth0
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe1d:8485/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

主节点有两个IP
192.168.80.161/24 和 192.168.80.126/24

从节点有一个IP
192.168.80.123/24

• 8.配置心跳检查

其中Nginx能高热备，其实是通过自己写脚本去定义的，只不过是keepalived调用我们自己写的脚本。

#每隔1秒执行上述的脚本，去检查用户的程序ngnix 主从节点要设置为一样
#weight 就是如果宕机一次权重就减2
#track_script 设置调用的脚本方法
#最后三个是执行脚本的路径


vrrp_script chk_health {
    script "[[ `ps -ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep | wc -l` -lt 2 ]] 
    && service keepalived stop"
    interval 1
    weight -2
}

#这个标签是放在 vrrp_instance VI_1  里面
track_script {
        chk_health
}

• 9.首先启动两台服务器的Nginx

[root@server1 local]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

• 10.重新启动keeplived

[root@server1 sysconfig]# service keepalived restart
Stopping keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]

• 11.访问虚拟IP 192.168.80.161

• 12.杀掉主节点Nginx再访问

[root@server1 sbin]# ./nginx -s stop

---

• 查错

**但是发现根本没有切换过去

开始检查问题，先检查keepalived是否配置好。**

[root@server1 sbin]# service keepalived stop

停止主节点的keepalived，发现从节点IP变为两个，说明keepalived配置没有问题

#从节点IP为两个

[root@lijie bin]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:1d:84:85 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.80.123/24 brd 192.168.80.255 scope global eth0
    inet 192.168.80.161/24 scope global secondary eth0
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe1d:8485/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

原因就是如下块写错位置了 ，应该在 *vrrp_instance VI_1 里面*

track_script {
        chk_health
    }

重新配置，且启动Nginx以及keepalived（注意Nginx在keepalived之前启动，不然检查到没有 nginx进程会自动杀掉自己的进程），然后再访问虚拟IP

成功！！！