STC12C4052AD + 28BYJ-48步进电机最简单驱动程序

步进电机

命名方式

以28BYJ48步进电机为例

28-----步进电机的有效最大外径是28毫米
B-----表示步进电机
Y-----表示永磁式
J-----表示减速型
48-----表示四相八拍

控制顺序

单片机

实物图

源码

最简源码

#include <reg52.h>
unsigned char code F_Rotation[]={0x08,0x0c,0x04,0x06,0x02,0x03,0x01,0x09};//正转

void delay_n(unsigned char z)
{
	unsigned char i;
	for (i=z; i>0; i--);
}

void delay_ms(unsigned char z)//延时1ms
{
	unsigned char i;
	for(i=z;i>0;i--)
	{
		delay_n(110);
	}
}

int main()
{
	unsigned char i;
	while(1)
	{
		for(i=0;i<8;i++)
		{
			P1=F_Rotation[i];
			delay_ms(10); //延时越高转速越慢
		}
	}
}

控制正反转和转速

#include <reg52.h>


#define u8 unsigned char
#define s32 int

#define motor P1

sbit turn_bit_r = P2^0;   // 正转
sbit turn_bit_l = P2^1;   // 反转
sbit turn_speed_a = P2^2; // 加速
sbit turn_speed_d = P2^3; // 减速

u8 code F_Rotation[]={0x08,0x0c,0x04,0x06,0x02,0x03,0x01,0x09};//正转

void delay_n(s32 z)
{
	s32 i;
	for (i=z; i>0; i--);
}

void delay_ms(s32 z)//延时1ms
{
	s32 i;
	for(i=z;i>0;i--)
	{
		delay_n(110);
	}
}

int main()
{
	s32 i;
	u8 flag = 0; //正反转，0：顺时针，1：逆时针
	s32 speed = 70;
	
	while(1)
	{
		if (turn_bit_r == 0)
		{
			delay_ms(10);
			if (turn_bit_r == 0)
			{
				flag = 0;
			}
		}
		if (turn_bit_l == 0)
		{
			delay_ms(10);
			if (turn_bit_l == 0)
			{
				flag = 1;
			}
		}
		if (turn_speed_a == 0)
		{
			delay_ms(10);
			if (turn_speed_a == 0)
			{
				if (speed > 70){
					speed -= 10;
				} else {
					delay_ms(500);
				}
			}
		}
		if (turn_speed_d == 0)
		{
			delay_ms(10);
			if (turn_speed_d == 0)
			{
				if (speed < 1000){
					speed += 10;
				} else {
					delay_ms(500);
				}
			}
		}
		
		// 电机
		if (flag)
		{
			for(i=7;i>=0;i--)
			{
				motor=F_Rotation[i];
				delay_n(speed); //延时越高转速越慢
			}
		}
		else
		{
			for(i=0;i<8;i++)
			{
				motor=F_Rotation[i];
				delay_n(speed); //延时越高转速越慢
			}
		}
	}
}

开关、正反转、转速，优化版

#include <reg52.h>


#define u8 unsigned char
#define s32 int

#define motor P1

sbit bit_turn_switch = P2^0;   // 开关
sbit bit_turn_rl = P2^1;   // 正反转
sbit turn_speed_a = P2^2; // 加速
sbit turn_speed_d = P2^3; // 减速

u8 code F_Rotation[] = {0x08,0x0c,0x04,0x06,0x02,0x03,0x01,0x09};//正转
u8 code stop = 0x0;

void delay_n(s32 z)
{
	s32 i;
	for (i=z; i>0; i--);
}

void delay_ms(s32 z)//延时1ms
{
	s32 i;
	for(i=z;i>0;i--)
	{
		delay_n(110);
	}
}

int main()
{
	s32 i;
	u8 turn_switch = 0;
	u8 flag = 0; //正反转，0：顺时针，1：逆时针
	s32 speed = 0;

	while(1)
	{
		if (bit_turn_switch == 0)
		{
			delay_ms(10);
			if (bit_turn_switch == 0)
			{
				turn_switch = ~turn_switch;
			}
			while (bit_turn_switch == 0);
		}
		if (bit_turn_rl == 0)
		{
			delay_ms(10);
			if (bit_turn_rl == 0)
			{
				flag = ~flag;
			}
			while (bit_turn_rl == 0);
		}
		if (turn_speed_a == 0)
		{
			delay_ms(10);
			if (turn_speed_a == 0)
			{
				if (speed > 500){
					speed -= 30;
				} else if (speed > 200) {
					speed -= 20;
				} else if (speed > 50) {
					speed -= 10;
				} else if (speed > 10) {
					speed -= 5;
				} else if (speed > 0) {
					speed -= 2;
				} else {
					delay_ms(500);
				}
			}
		}
		if (turn_speed_d == 0)
		{
			delay_ms(10);
			if (turn_speed_d == 0)
			{
				if (speed < 10) {
					speed += 2;
				} else if (speed < 50) {
					speed += 5;
				} else if (speed < 200) {
					speed += 10;
				} else if (speed < 500) {
					speed += 20;
				} else if (speed < 800){
					speed += 30;
				} else {
					delay_ms(500);
				}
			}
		}
		
		// 电机
		if (turn_switch){
			if (flag)
			{
				for(i=7;i>=0;i--)
				{
					motor = F_Rotation[i];
					delay_n(70);
					delay_n(speed); //延时越高转速越慢
				}
			}
			else
			{
				for(i=0;i<8;i++)
				{
					motor = F_Rotation[i];
					delay_n(70);
					delay_n(speed); //延时越高转速越慢
				}
			}
		} else {
			motor = stop;
		}
	}
}