L4 U2 描述他人

Module 1 描述某个您所认识的人

1. 描述人的外形

身形 / 面孔 / 头发 / 年龄
在描述人的身体时，我们通常会谈到身高和体重。需要注意的是，说人 fat 或者 overweight 往往被视为不礼貌的。不过在对人进行描述时，overweight 一词不礼貌的程度稍轻。
tall
medium height
short
overweight
fat
thin

描述身高和体重时，使用动词 be。
She is tall and thin.

在描述人的面孔时，我们通常会谈及眼睛的颜色和任何其他显著的容貌。描述容貌时，我们通常使用动词 have。
She has blue eyes.
He has big ears.
He has a nice smile.

当描述一个人的头发时，我们通常谈论长度，发型以及颜色。一个人秃顶我们就描述成 bald. 这里有一些有用的形容词：
long 长发
medium length 中长发
short 短发
curly 卷发
straight 直发
blond 金发
bald 秃顶

在描述人的头发时，我们通常使用动词 have。但是，如果某人是 bald，我们就会使用动词 be。
She has long, straight, brown hair. 她拥有一头棕色的长长的直发。
My father is bald. 我父亲是秃顶。

另一种描述人的方法是谈论年龄。
old
middle-aged
young
文化点：对有些人来说，年龄是一个非常敏感的话题。在熟悉他们之前，避免和他们谈论年龄。

They are middle-aged.
He has medium-length, curly hair.
He is short and overweight.

2. 形容词的顺序

形容词的排序
当您使用一个以上的形容词进行描述时，一般的规则是把它们按大小，年龄，然后颜色的顺序排列。
That is a fat, old, black dog.

请注意这些例子中的大小-年龄-颜色的顺序：
He has big, brown eyes.
Her hair is shorter and grayer than before.
He's a thin, middle-aged man.
That tall, young, blond man drives a truck.

3. 谈论他人

描述人物
What does (person) look like?是用来询问一个人的身材，形体，年龄或者整体的外貌。 使用动词 be 来描述整体的外貌。

A: What does he look like?
B: He is tall and middle-aged. He's very good-looking.

您也可以使用像What color are his eyes? 或 How tall is she? 这样的疑问句去询问一个人的身体特定部位的描述。 使用动词have 来指身体的部位。

A: What color are his eyes?
B: They're brown.

A: How tall is she?
B: She's very tall.

A: What do the children look like?
B: They have curly, red hair. Jasmine has big, brown eyes, and Jason has blue eyes.

这里有很多形容词来给您描述一个人的外貌。请注意动词 be与它们搭配时的用法。
He's not very good-looking.
She's beautiful!
He's very attractive.
He's handsome.

语言点 Good-looking 与 attractive 具有相同的含义。 Good-looking 与 attractive 可用于描述男性和女性。通常 Beautiful 用于描述女性，handsome 则一般用于描述男性。

What does she look like?
What color are her eyes?
She has big, brown eyes.
What does your new colleague look like?
He's tall and has brown hair.

Module 2 描述关系

1. 关系

关系词汇

		grandfather	grandmother
		father	mother	uncle	aunt
me	wife/ husband	brother	sister	cousin
		son	daughter	nephew	niece
		grandson	granddaughter

 

使用 friend 以区分哪些是您熟悉并喜爱的人。使用 girlfriend 来确定与一位女性的恋爱关系，使用 boyfriend 确定与一位男性的恋爱关系。
Is he your friend?
I'm meeting my girlfriend tonight.
He's my boyfriend.

partner 这个词可以指各种关系。您可以使用它来确定与一个人的配偶关系。它可以也指商业伙伴或其他业务关系。
This is my partner, Paul. 这是我的配偶, Paul。
James and I are business partners.

您也可以用这些词来确定工作关系：
boss
colleague

He has three cousins. They're his uncle's children.
Here's a picture of my niece, my sister's daughter.
My boyfriend gave me an expensive jacket.
Jay's going to that romantic movie with his girlfriend.
Here's a picture of my nephew, my brother's son.
Jack is Karen's partner.
Jack 是 Karen 的配偶。
My colleagues are easy to work with.
我的同事们都很好共事。

2. 描述关系

描述关系
使用类似以下的表达来描述一段关系中正在发生的事情。注意，所有表达都后接动名词 (verb + -ing)。

表达式可以是肯定的：
We spend time watching movies. 我们看电影打发时间。
I always have fun talking with him. 和他谈天我总是感到很开心。

表达式可以是否定的：
We have a hard time getting together. 我们好不容易在一起。
She has trouble making money. 赚钱对她来说是件困难的事。
They often waste time fighting. (他们常常浪费时间吵架。)

3. 谈论一段关系

谈论关系
请使用类似以下的问题来询问别人一段关系。注意答复中表达式 +动名词的结构。
A: How are you and your brother doing?
B: We're doing well, thanks. We spend time talking on the phone. 你和你哥哥（弟弟）关系还好吗？
我们关系很好，谢谢。我们会花时间打电话聊天。
A: What do you and Sylvia do for fun?
B: Let's see … We have a lot of fun playing tennis together. 你和 Sylvia 都玩什么？
让我想想……我们一起打网球，玩得很开心。

您可以使用you two 表达密切的关系 - 例如，丈夫与妻子之间或母亲与孩子之前。

A: Are you two having trouble?你们两人碰到什么难题了吗？
B: Yeah, we are. I am having trouble understanding her problems.是的，我们碰到了难题。我难以理解她的问题。
A: I'm sorry to hear that.

How are you two doing?
你们两人还好吗？
We're not doing very well.
我们过得不怎么样。
What do you and your partner do for fun?
你和你的配偶平时放松时做什么？
We spend time taking nice walks.
我们会花时间散散步。
How are you and your boss doing?
你和你的老板关系怎么样？
Are you having trouble?
你们之间有矛盾吗？
We're okay, I think.
我觉得我们很好。

Module 3 评估员工

1. 描述员工

评价员工的词汇
使用这些形容词和短语来形容员工积极工作的品质。
hardworking
efficient
creative
helpful
positive
does a good job
works well with the team / team player与团队/ 队员合作愉快
getting better逐渐在改善
good in meetings 善于开会

使用这些形容词和短语来描述员工消极的工作品质。
could do better
late
negative
disorganized
lazy

一种更积极的方式来应对员工的弱点即是给出建设性的批评，而不是简单地给出消极的评论。
She's so disorganized. > She needs to be more organized. 她很混乱。 > 她应该要更有条理些。
He's too negative. > He should be more positive. 他太消极了。 > 他应该积极些。

2. 'Too' And 'enough'

'Too' 和 'enough'
请用 too + 形容词来描述某样东西超过必要，或超过所需时。
Her project is late because she's too disorganized.
She's too negative. She thinks too much about problems.

请用形容词 + enough 来描述当某件东西足够的，或让人满意的时候。
Carson is hardworking and efficient enough to be the new manager.

请用not + 形容词 + enough 来描述某件东西缺乏或不尽人意时。
Sally's not efficient enough.
He's not creative enough to work in marketing.

Matthew's not hardworking enough.
She's positive enough, but she's not helpful.
Look at her desk. She's too disorganized.
He's not helpful enough.
Addison's efficient enough.
I think that she's too negative.
He's not creative enough to work in marketing.

3. 用'I think that'来提建议

发表意见的时候用 'I think that'
使用 I think that 来表示您在发表一个意见。 使用 so do I 来表示同意一个 I think that 和 I like 这样的短语所表达的意见.
A: I think that he does a really good job.
B: So do I.
A: I like them both.
B: So do I.

使用neither do I 来赞成 I don't think that 这样句式所表达的意见, 或其他否定意见。
A: I don't think she's lazy.
B: Neither do I.
请注意 that 可以省掉且句子的含义没有受到影响。

要征求别人的意见，您可以使用what do you think about 以及 do you think。
A: What do you think about Denise?
B: She's very efficient.

A: Do you think Paul is too disorganized?
B: No, not really.

语言注释：neither有两种发音方法。在下面的例子中，第一个在美国比较普遍的；第二种多见于英国。但它们可以互换使用。
A: I don't think he's disorganized.
B: Neither do I.
A: I don't think she's very efficient.
B: Neither do I.

I think she's really hardworking.
Do you think Owen's disorganized?
I'm a good team player.

Module 4 给出推荐

1. 工作中用到的副词

在工作中所用的副词
副词解释how, when or where。它们可以修饰一个动词，形容词或另一个副词。许多副词以-ly 结尾的是最容易识别的和形成的。但是，许多副词是不以-ly 结尾的,识别它们的最好的方式是将它们连接到它们所修饰的动词，形容词或副词。

使用状态副词加动词来表示完成某件事情的方式。
Martina works quickly.
She works well with the team.
I highly recommend Martina.
I'm going to miss her terribly.

使用时间副词加动词来表示时间。
Her husband is already in New York.
She's leaving that soon?

使用频率副词加动词来表示一个动作的频率。
She was always organized.

使用可能性副词加动词来表示一个行动的可能性。
She can probably learn that in one or two days. 她可能会在一或两天内知道。

您可以使用 only 加动词来把注意力集中到信息上。
The project only took her one day. 她可以仅用一天时间完成此项目。

您可以使用副词来修饰形容词。
The brochure was really beautiful. 这本小册子真的很漂亮。
She's so creative.

有些副词修饰其他副词. 请注意 pretty 和 so 是如何给这些句子添加额外的细节的。
She can learn that pretty quickly.
He writes so well.

您可以使用副词honestly 在一个句子前边来强调强调某个要点。
Honestly, what are we going to do? 说实话, 我们去干嘛?

Honestly, she's our most creative employee.
You're leaving that soon?
She's young, but she already knows a lot.
I highly recommend Ella. She's very hardworking.
She learned the program pretty quickly.
The project only took her a month.

2. 'So' And 'soch'

'So' 和 'such'
请用so + 形容词 或 so + 副词来强调个人品质。
Kyle is so disorganized.
She works so quickly.

请用such + 名词来强调个人品质.
Debra is such a team player.
Debra 是非常具有团队精神的人。
She shows such creativity.
Oscar is such a hard worker.

3. 推荐同事

推荐
作为工作面试流程的一部分，公司可能会电话联系推荐人并索要推荐。
We're interviewing Joe Wilson for a job at our company.
Joe gave us your name as a reference. 乔把您的名字给我们做为他的推荐人。

在这些例子中，注意问题是如何用具体信息回答的。
A. Did you work together?
B. Yes. We worked together for two years at Sunset Computers.

A. Do you recommend him?
B. Yes. I highly recommend him. He's very intelligent.

A. What else can you tell me about him?
B. Well, he was very organized. He worked well on a team.

We are interviewing her for a job at our company.
She gave us your name as a reference.
I worked with her for three years.
Do you recommend her?
I highly recommend her.
Thank you for your time.