文章目录
1.数据有序且无重复,查找给定值
/**
* @description: 数据有序(小到大)且无重复,查找给定值
* @author: michael ming
* @date: 2019/4/16 18:54
* @modified by:
*/
#include <iostream>
#define N 10
using namespace std;
int binarySearch_simple(int *arr,size_t n,int num)
{
size_t low = 0, high = n-1;
while(low <= high)
{
size_t mid = low+(high-low)/2;
if(arr[mid]==num)
return mid;
else if(arr[mid] < num)
low = mid+1;
else
high = mid-1;
}
return -1;
}
int main()
{
cout << "数组打印如下:" << endl;
int arr[N] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
cout << arr[i] << " ";
cout << "请输入要查找的数,将返回下标,不存在返回-1:";
int num;
cin >> num;
cout << num << " 的下标是:" << binarySearch_simple(arr,N,num) << endl;
}
2.数据有序且有重复,查找第1个给定的值
/**
* @description: 查找第一个等于给定值的元素
* @author: michael ming
* @date: 2019/4/16 19:19
* @modified by:
*/
#include <iostream>
#define N 10
using namespace std;
int binarySearch_simple(int *arr,size_t n,int num)
{
size_t low = 0, high = n-1;
while(low <= high)
{
size_t mid = low+(high-low)/2;
if(arr[mid]==num)
{
if(mid == 0 || arr[mid-1] != num) //第一个元素,或者前一个元素不等于num
return mid;
else //否则,要查找的元素在前面
high = mid-1;
}
else if(arr[mid] < num)
low = mid+1;
else
high = mid-1;
}
return -1;
}
int main()
{
cout << "数组打印如下:" << endl;
int arr[N] = {1,1,2,2,4,5,6,7,8,9};
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
cout << arr[i] << " ";
cout << "请输入1个数,将返回查找第一个等于给定值的元素的下标,不存在返回-1:";
int num;
cin >> num;
cout << num << " 的下标是:" << binarySearch_simple(arr,N,num) << endl;
}
3.查找最后一个值等于给定值的元素
/**
* @description: 查找最后一个值等于给定值的元素
* @author: michael ming
* @date: 2019/4/16 20:24
* @modified by:
*/
#include <iostream>
#define N 10
using namespace std;
int binarySearch_simple(int *arr,size_t n,int num)
{
size_t low = 0, high = n-1;
while(low <= high)
{
size_t mid = low+(high-low)/2;
if(arr[mid]==num)
{
if(mid == n-1 || arr[mid+1] != num) //最后一个元素了,或者后面的不等于num
return mid;
else //否则最后一个元素还在后面
low = mid+1;
}
else if(arr[mid] < num)
low = mid+1;
else
high = mid-1;
}
return -1;
}
int main()
{
cout << "数组打印如下:" << endl;
int arr[N] = {1,1,2,2,4,5,6,8,8,9};
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
cout << arr[i] << " ";
cout << "请输入要查找的数,将返回最后一个符合的下标,不存在返回-1:";
int num;
cin >> num;
cout << num << " 的下标是:" << binarySearch_simple(arr,N,num) << endl;
}
4.查找第一个大于等于给定值的元素
/**
* @description: 查找第一个大于等于给定值的元素
* @author: michael ming
* @date: 2019/4/16 20:54
* @modified by:
*/
#include <iostream>
#define N 10
using namespace std;
int binarySearch_simple(int *arr,size_t n,int num)
{
size_t low = 0, high = n-1;
while(low <= high)
{
size_t mid = low+(high-low)/2;
if(arr[mid] >= num) //当找到要求的值时
{
if(mid == 0 || arr[mid-1] < num) //判断是第一个元素,或者前面的比我小
return mid; //当前满足
else //否则满足要求的还在前面
high = mid-1;
}
else if(arr[mid] < num)
low = mid+1;
}
return -1;
}
int main()
{
cout << "数组打印如下:" << endl;
int arr[N] = {1,2,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
cout << arr[i] << " ";
cout << "请输入一个数,将返回第一个大于等于它的下标,不存在返回-1:";
int num;
cin >> num;
cout << num << " 的下标是:" << binarySearch_simple(arr,N,num) << endl;
}
5.查找最后一个小于等于给定值的元素
/**
* @description: 查找最后一个小于等于给定值的元素
* @author: michael ming
* @date: 2019/4/16 23:09
* @modified by:
*/
#include <iostream>
#define N 10
using namespace std;
int binarySearch_simple(int *arr,size_t n,int num)
{
size_t low = 0, high = n-1;
while(low <= high)
{
size_t mid = low+(high-low)/2;
if(arr[mid] > num)
high = mid-1;
else if(arr[mid] <= num)
{
if(mid == n-1 || arr[mid+1] > num) //最后一个元素,或者后面的比它大了
return mid; //它是最后一个小于等于的
else
low = mid+1; //否则后面还有满足的,下限往上加
}
}
return -1;
}
int main()
{
cout << "数组打印如下:" << endl;
int arr[N] = {1,2,2,4,5,6,7,10,10,10};
for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i)
cout << arr[i] << " ";
cout << "请输入一个数,返回最后一个小于等于给定值的元素的下标,不存在返回-1:";
int num;
cin >> num;
cout << num << " 的下标是:" << binarySearch_simple(arr,N,num) << endl;
}
6.查找IP归属(利用上面#5代码)
/**
* @description: 查找ip地址归属,找到最后一个区间开始地址<=ip的
* @author: michael ming
* @date: 2019/4/16 23:38
* @modified by:
*/
#include <iostream>
#include "binarySearch_findLastLessNum.cpp"
int main()
{
int start[5] = {101,201,301,401,501}; //假设为ip起始地址(A,B,C,D,E)
int end[5] = {200,300,400,500,600}; //对应ip终止地址
size_t ip;
while(1)
{
std::cout << "请输入要查询的ip: ";
std::cin >> ip;
int index = binarySearch_simple(start,5,ip); //在ip区间头里查找最后一个<=我的
if(index != -1 && ip <= end[index])
switch(index)
{
case 0:
std::cout << "ip in city A"<< std::endl;
break;
case 1:
std::cout << "ip in city B"<< std::endl;
break;
case 2:
std::cout << "ip in city C"<< std::endl;
break;
case 3:
std::cout << "ip in city D"<< std::endl;
break;
case 4:
std::cout << "ip in city E"<< std::endl;
break;
}
else
std::cout << "ip not found!" << std::endl;
}
}
7.循环有序数组,查找给定值
例如:4,5,6,7,1,2,3
循环数组性质:以数组中间点为分区,数组分成一个有序数组和一个循环有序数组。
如果首元素 arr[low] < arr[mid],左半部分:有序,右半部分:循环有序;
如果首元素 arr[low] > arr[mid],右半部分:有序,左半部分:循环有序;
判断查找的数是否在有序的半边范围内,更新上下限
时间复杂度为 O(logN)。
/**
* @description: 循环有序数组,查找给定值
* @author: michael ming
* @date: 2019/4/17 0:25
* @modified by:
*/
#include <iostream>
#define N 10
int circular_Arr_BS(int *arr, size_t n, int num)
{
size_t low = 0, high = n-1;
while(low <= high)
{
size_t mid = low+(high-low)/2;
if(arr[mid] == num)
return mid;
if(arr[mid] < arr[low]) //转折点在左边,右边有序
{
if(arr[mid] <= num && num <= arr[high]) //数据在右边
low = mid+1;
else
high = mid-1;
}
else //转折点在右边,左边有序
{
if(arr[low] <= num && num < arr[mid]) //数据在左边
high = mid-1;
else
low = mid+1;
}
}
return -1;
}
int main()
{
int arr[N] = {4,5,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3};
size_t mid = (N-1)/2;
int num;
std::cin >> num;
std::cout << circular_Arr_BS(arr,N,num);
return 0;
}