效果图:
使用HttpURLConnection访问网络
项目文件结构:
MainActivity.java
package com.example.newworktest;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
TextView responseText;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button button = findViewById(R.id.send_request);
responseText = findViewById(R.id.response_text);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection();
}
});
}
private void sendRequestWithHttpURLConnection() {
//开启线程发送网络请求
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
URL url = new URL("https://www.baidu.com");
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //获取实例
connection.setRequestMethod("GET"); //设置Http请求使用方法
connection.setConnectTimeout(8000); //设置连接时的相关要求
connection.setReadTimeout(8000);
InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream(); //获取服务器返回的输入流
//对上面读取到的数据进行读取
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
}
showResponse(response.toString());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect(); //使用完关掉HTTP连接
}
}
}
}).start();
}
private void showResponse(final String response) {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//开线程进行UI操作,将结果显示到界面上
responseText.setText(response);
}
});
}
}
activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/send_request"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="发送数据"/>
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/response_text"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.newworktest">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
使用OkHttp访问网络
运行效果相同:
项目文件结构:
编辑app/build.gradle中dependencies闭包中添加内容
implementation ‘com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.4.1’
之后点击IDE上面自动跳出来的黄底色的sync,上述依赖会自动下载两个库,一个是OkHttp库,一个是Okio库,后者是前者的通信基础。
3.4.1这个版本号视当前OkHttp的最新版本号(在项目主页可以查看https://github.com/square/okhttp)
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.4.1'
}
MainActivity.java
package com.example.newworktest;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
TextView responseText;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button button = findViewById(R.id.send_request);
responseText = findViewById(R.id.response_text);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if(v.getId()==R.id.send_request){
sendRequestWithOkHttp();
}
}
});
}
private void sendRequestWithOkHttp() {
//开启新线程做耗时操作
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();//创建一个OkHttpClient实例
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("https://www.baidu.com")//设置目标网络地址
.build();//创建一个Request对象
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();//发送请求获取服务器返回对象
String responseData=response.body().string();
showResponse(responseData);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
}
private void showResponse(final String response) {
runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//开线程进行UI操作,将结果显示到界面上
responseText.setText(response);
}
});
}
}
activity.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/send_request"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="发送数据"/>
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/response_text"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.newworktest">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>