java中有JMS的多个实现。其中apache下的ActiveMQ就是不错的选择。
用ActiveMQ最好还是了解一下JMS
JMS定义了两种方式:Queue(点对点)和Topic(发布/订阅)
ConnectionFactory 是连接工厂,负责创建Connection。
Connection 负责创建 Session。
Session 创建 MessageProducer(用来发消息) 和 MessageConsumer(用来接收消息)。
Destination 是消息的目的地。
下面举一个小的例子:
JMS发送代码:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();
Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
connection.start();
Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");
MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);
for(int i=0; i<3; i++) {
MapMessage message = session.createMapMessage();
message.setLong("count", new Date().getTime());
Thread.sleep(1000);
//通过消息生产者发出消息
producer.send(message);
}
session.commit();
session.close();
connection.close();
}
JMS接收代码:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory();
Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
connection.start();
Final Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");
MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
/*
//listener 方式
consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {
public void onMessage(Message msg) {
MapMessage message = (MapMessage) msg;
//TODO something....
System.out.println(" 收到消息:" + new Date(message.getLong("count")));
session.commit();
}
});
Thread.sleep(30000);
*/
int i=0;
while(i<3) {
i++;
MapMessage message = (MapMessage) consumer.receive();
session.commit();
//TODO something....
System.out.println("收到消 息:" + new Date(message.getLong("count")));
}
session.close();
connection.close();
}
启动 JmsReceiver 和 JmsSender 可以在看输出三条时间信息。
结合Spring的JmsTemplate使用:
XML配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<!-- 在非 web / ejb 容器中使用 pool 时,要手动 stop,spring 不会为 你执行 destroy-method 的方法
<bean id="jmsFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.pool.PooledConnectionFactory" destroy-method="stop">
<property name="connectionFactory">
<bean class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
<property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://localhost:61616" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
-->
<bean id="jmsFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">
<property name="brokerURL" value="tcp://localhost:61616" />
</bean>
<bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
<property name="connectionFactory" ref="jmsFactory" />
<property name="defaultDestination" ref="destination" />
<property name="messageConverter">
<bean class="org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter" />
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="destination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">
<constructor-arg index="0" value="my-queue" />
</bean>
</beans>
sender:
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:app*.xml");
JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate");
jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {
public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
MapMessage mm = session.createMapMessage();
mm.setLong("count", new Date().getTime());
return mm;
}
});
}
receiver:
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:app*.xml");
JmsTemplate jmsTemplate = (JmsTemplate) ctx.getBean("jmsTemplate");
while(true) {
Map<String, Object> mm = (Map<String, Object>) jmsTemplate.receiveAndConvert();
System.out.println("收到消息:" + new Date((Long)mm.get("count")));
}
}
注意:直接用 Jms 接口时接收了消息后要提交一下,否则下次启动接收者时还可以收到旧数据。有了 JmsTemplate 就不用自己提交 session.commit() 了。