Centos7 安装配置Nginx

1. zip安装nginx

1.1 安装必要组件

yum -y install gcc pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

1.2 安装nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.9.tar.gz或yum install nginx
tar -zxvf nginx-1.19.9.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.19.9

1.3 将nginx安装在/usr目录下

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx/
make PREFIX=/usr/local/nginx installs
make clean

1.4 启动nginx服务

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
./nginx

1.5.指定配置文件重启nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

2. yum安装nginx

2.1 yum安装nginx

yum install -y nginx

 2.2 启动停止指令

#启动nginx
systemctl start nginx.service
#停止nginx
systemctl stop nginx.service
#重启nginx
systemctl restart nginx.service
#开机启动nginx
systemctl enable nginx.service

3. docker安装nginx

3.1 拉取nginx官方镜像

docker pull nginx

3.2 创建nginx容器(适合无nginx.conf)

这种方式是第一次没用nginx配置文件所以先创建nginx容器然后将配置文件复制到主机

docker run -di --name nginx -p 80:80 nginx

脚本解析：

-di: 表示后台启动并开启控制台显示

-name 容器名为nginx

-p 容器端口和主机端口映射

最后的nginx 创建容器的镜像名

 3.3 创建目录并将容器内的配置文件拷贝到指定目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/docker/nginx
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx /usr/local/docker/nginx/conf

3.4  停止并删除nginx容器

docker stop nginx
docker rm nginx

3.5 创建nginx镜像并映射nginx.conf

docker run -di --name nginx -p 80:80 -v /usr/local/docker/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx nginx

3.6 docker nginx(可选)

docker run -p 8990:80 --name test-nginx -d --restart=always -e TZ="Asia/Shanghai" -v /home/test/file:/home/file test-nginx:latest

命令解析

-p：8990:80：主机8990端口映射容器内nginx80端口

-name：test-nginx：容器名为test-nginx

-d：容器后台运行

–restart=always：开机自启动

-e 设置环境变量：TZ="Asia/Shanghai"：配置时区

-v 挂载目录 /home/test/file:/home/file：挂载主机/home/test/file 到容器/home/file

附录 

nginx 静态资源配置

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name localhost;

  location / {
    proxy_pass http://ip:port;
  }
  
  
  #1.root,请求 http://ip:port/upload/202308039904.gif 真实路径为:/home/file/upload/202308039904.gif 
  location /upload/{
    root /home/file;
  }
  
  #2.alias只能存在location中,必须以/结束,请求 http://ip:port/upload/202308039904.gif 真实路径为:/home/file/202308039904.gif
  #location /upload/{
  #  alias /home/file/;
  #}
}

nginx websocket配置

# websocket代理
location /socket {
    proxy_pass  http://ip:port/;
    #使用websocket
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
}

nginx反向代理

location /prod-api/{
     proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
     proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
     proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
     proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
     proxy_pass http://ip:port/;
}