Redis 核心数据结构 & Redis 6 新特性详

bingtanghulu_6

已于 2022-07-07 20:52:31 修改

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文章标签：大数据

于 2022-07-05 22:12:27 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_21575929/article/details/125628664

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6.1 Client Side Cache

6.2 ACL权限

1.list

redis在redisDB中是一个k-V结构，存储在字典dict中，dict包含两个hashTable结构，以数组形式存在，其中list 是一个有序的数据结构，采用双端链表quicklist和ziplist作为底层实现。

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/redis-6.2.7
[root@localhost redis-6.2.7]# src/redis-server redis.conf
[root@localhost redis-6.2.7]# src/redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush a-list a b c
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush a-list e f g
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush a-list e 1100 f g
(integer) 10
127.0.0.1:6379> type a-list
list
127.0.0.1:6379> object encoding a-list
"quicklist"

list的数据结构如下：

2.hash

hash在字段比较小时使用ziplist存储，比较大时采用hashtable存储，下图演示object encoding key编码由ziplist变化为hashtable的场景。

127.0.0.1:6379> hset a-hash name caiji age 35 f1 v1 f2 v2 f3 v3
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall a-hash
 1) "name"
 2) "caiji"
 3) "age"
 4) "35"
 5) "f1"
 6) "v1"
 7) "f2"
 8) "v2"
 9) "f3"
10) "v3"
127.0.0.1:6379> type a-hash
hash
127.0.0.1:6379> object encoding a-hash
"ziplist"
127.0.0.1:6379> hset a-hash f4 aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall a-hash
 1) "f1"
 2) "v1"
 3) "name"
 4) "caiji"
 5) "f2"
 6) "v2"
 7) "age"
 8) "35"
 9) "f3"
10) "v3"
11) "f4"
12) "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"
127.0.0.1:6379> type a-hash
hash
127.0.0.1:6379> object encoding a-hash
"hashtable"

hash的数据结构如下，可以通过设置redis.conf配置文件配置ziplist和hashtable的存储范围

面试题:string和hash选型和优缺点

3.Set

Set为无序的自动去重的数据类型，当都用整型存储时是有序的，底层使用intset数据结构，当用字符串存储时是无序的，使用hashtable存储。

127.0.0.1:6379> sadd a-set 1 2 3 5 10 9 4 4 4
(integer) 7
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers a-set
1) "1"
2) "2"
3) "3"
4) "4"
5) "5"
6) "9"
7) "10"
127.0.0.1:6379> type a-set
set
127.0.0.1:6379> object encoding a-set
"intset"
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd a-set a
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers a-set
1) "a"
2) "3"
3) "10"
4) "9"
5) "4"
6) "2"
7) "5"
8) "1"
127.0.0.1:6379> type a-set
set
127.0.0.1:6379> object encoding a-set
"hashtable"

intset的数据结构如下，有三个元素。

4.Zset

skiplist原理，使用二半查找，索引方式形成索引树查找数据，第K层索引数=n/2^k。

127.0.0.1:6379> zadd a-zset 100 a 200 b 150 c
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange a-zset 0 -1 withscores
1) "a"
2) "100"
3) "c"
4) "150"
5) "b"
6) "200"
127.0.0.1:6379> type a-zset
zset
127.0.0.1:6379> object encoding a-zset
"ziplist"

5.GeoHash

GeoHash是一个算法加上zset实现的

help @geo

127.0.0.1:6379> help @geo
127.0.0.1:6379> geoadd locations 116.3209103486328 39.92916527606944 guozhuang
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> geoadd locations 116.391621 39.946583 beijignzhan 116.401969 39.959857 ditangongyuan
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> geodist locations guozhuang beijignzhan km
"6.3337"
127.0.0.1:6379> geodist locations ditangongyuan beijignzhan km
"1.7200"
127.0.0.1:6379> georadiusbymember locations guozhuang 8 km
1) "guozhuang"
2) "beijignzhan"
3) "ditangongyuan"
127.0.0.1:6379> georadiusbymember locations guozhuang 7 km
1) "guozhuang"
2) "beijignzhan"
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "locations"
127.0.0.1:6379> type locations
zset
127.0.0.1:6379> object encoding locations
"ziplist"