STM32读取TCS3472颜色传感器读取RGB颜色和色温值和Lux

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最新推荐文章于 2024-01-10 23:18:12 发布

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文章标签： stm32 单片机嵌入式硬件

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_22073113/article/details/130303478

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1.3472能提供红，绿，蓝色（RGB）和清晰光感应值的数字输出

2.它通过 I2C协议通讯。

3.最好选择带led灯的版本，自带的led低电平能关闭。

4.这边VIN接5V电压输入，GND接GND，SCL接SCL（PF1）SDA接SDA(PF0)，这边根据自己启动的IO口进行变换

5.我这边采用STM32Cube生成使用硬件I2C的方式进行通信，注意这边有7bit和10bit，默认7bit

6.这边注意最好设置成上拉模式，防止某些设备没有上拉

7.点击生成后打开Keil5开始编辑代码；先了解一下HAL库如何写入和读取I2C 设备的吧

可以看到Hal_i2c库里面提供了轮询，中断，DMA的方式进行读写I2C,这边我们使用轮询的方式进行读取TCS3472

8.首先新建一个.H文件，把TCS3472的一写配置文件编写进行，我这边也是拷贝别人的，代码如下：

介绍一下函数：

1.void SwicthI2c(char sw); //这个我是用来切换不同I2C 接口的，跟实际使用没有影响

2.unsigned char TCS34725_Init(void); //这是用来初始化TCS34725芯片的

3.char TCS34725_GetRawData(COLOR_RGBC *rgbc);//这个是用来读取RGBC的参数值

4.void RGBtoHSL(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb, COLOR_HSL *Hsl);//这个是将读取到的RGBC值转换为HSL色盘

5.void RGBto255RGB(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb,Sepan_RGBC *RGB255);//这部分计算RGB的占比以255：255：255呈现和Lux值

6.double calculateColorTemperature(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb);//这部分是计算色温

#ifndef __TCS3472ColourSensor_H
#define __TCS3472ColourSensor_H

#include "usart.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "cmsis_os.h"
#include "i2c.h"


/******************************************************************************/
#define TCS34725_ADDRESS          (0x29)

#define TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT      (0x80)

#define TCS34725_ENABLE           (0x00)
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_AIEN      (0x10)    /* RGBC Interrupt Enable */
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_WEN       (0x08)    /* Wait enable - Writing 1 activates the wait timer */
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_AEN       (0x02)    /* RGBC Enable - Writing 1 actives the ADC, 0 disables it */
#define TCS34725_ENABLE_PON       (0x01)    /* Power on - Writing 1 activates the internal oscillator, 0 disables it */
#define TCS34725_ATIME            (0x01)    /* Integration time */
#define TCS34725_WTIME            (0x03)    /* Wait time (if TCS34725_ENABLE_WEN is asserted) */
#define TCS34725_WTIME_2_4MS      (0xFF)    /* WLONG0 = 2.4ms   WLONG1 = 0.029s */
#define TCS34725_WTIME_204MS      (0xAB)    /* WLONG0 = 204ms   WLONG1 = 2.45s  */
#define TCS34725_WTIME_614MS      (0x00)    /* WLONG0 = 614ms   WLONG1 = 7.4s   */
#define TCS34725_AILTL            (0x04)    /* Clear channel lower interrupt threshold */
#define TCS34725_AILTH            (0x05)
#define TCS34725_AIHTL            (0x06)    /* Clear channel upper interrupt threshold */
#define TCS34725_AIHTH            (0x07)
#define TCS34725_PERS             (0x0C)    /* Persistence register - basic SW filtering mechanism for interrupts */
#define TCS34725_PERS_NONE        (0b0000)  /* Every RGBC cycle generates an interrupt                                */
#define TCS34725_PERS_1_CYCLE     (0b0001)  /* 1 clean channel value outside threshold range generates an interrupt   */
#define TCS34725_PERS_2_CYCLE     (0b0010)  /* 2 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt  */
#define TCS34725_PERS_3_CYCLE     (0b0011)  /* 3 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt  */
#define TCS34725_PERS_5_CYCLE     (0b0100)  /* 5 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt  */
#define TCS34725_PERS_10_CYCLE    (0b0101)  /* 10 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_15_CYCLE    (0b0110)  /* 15 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_20_CYCLE    (0b0111)  /* 20 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_25_CYCLE    (0b1000)  /* 25 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_30_CYCLE    (0b1001)  /* 30 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_35_CYCLE    (0b1010)  /* 35 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_40_CYCLE    (0b1011)  /* 40 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_45_CYCLE    (0b1100)  /* 45 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_50_CYCLE    (0b1101)  /* 50 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_55_CYCLE    (0b1110)  /* 55 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_PERS_60_CYCLE    (0b1111)  /* 60 clean channel values outside threshold range generates an interrupt */
#define TCS34725_CONFIG           (0x0D)
#define TCS34725_CONFIG_WLONG     (0x02)    /* Choose between short and long (12x) wait times via TCS34725_WTIME */
#define TCS34725_CONTROL          (0x0F)    /* Set the gain level for the sensor */
#define TCS34725_ID               (0x12)    /* 0x44 = TCS34721/TCS34725, 0x4D = TCS34723/TCS34727 */
#define TCS34725_STATUS           (0x13)
#define TCS34725_STATUS_AINT      (0x10)    /* RGBC Clean channel interrupt */
#define TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID    (0x01)    /* Indicates that the RGBC channels have completed an integration cycle */
#define TCS34725_CDATAL           (0x14)    /* Clear channel data */
#define TCS34725_CDATAH           (0x15)
#define TCS34725_RDATAL           (0x16)    /* Red channel data */
#define TCS34725_RDATAH           (0x17)
#define TCS34725_GDATAL           (0x18)    /* Green channel data */
#define TCS34725_GDATAH           (0x19)
#define TCS34725_BDATAL           (0x1A)    /* Blue channel data */
#define TCS34725_BDATAH           (0x1B)

#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_2_4MS   0xFF   /**<  2.4ms - 1 cycle    - Max Count: 1024  */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_24MS    0xF6   /**<  24ms  - 10 cycles  - Max Count: 10240 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_50MS    0xEB   /**<  50ms  - 20 cycles  - Max Count: 20480 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_101MS   0xD5   /**<  101ms - 42 cycles  - Max Count: 43008 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_154MS   0xC0   /**<  154ms - 64 cycles  - Max Count: 65535 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_240MS   0x9C   /**<  240ms - 100 cycles - Max Count: 65535 */
#define TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_700MS   0x00   /**<  700ms - 256 cycles - Max Count: 65535 */

#define TCS34725_GAIN_1X                 0x00   /**<  No gain  */
#define TCS34725_GAIN_4X                 0x01   /**<  4x gain  */
#define TCS34725_GAIN_16X                0x02   /**<  16x gain */
#define TCS34725_GAIN_60X                0x03   /**<  60x gain */
/******************************************************************************/
typedef struct{
	unsigned short  c;      //[0-65536]
	unsigned short  r;
	unsigned short  g;
	unsigned short  b;
}COLOR_RGBC;//RGBC

typedef struct{
	unsigned char  r;     //[0-255]
	unsigned char  g;
	unsigned char  b;
	unsigned short Lux;
}Sepan_RGBC;//RGBC


typedef struct{
	unsigned short h;       //[0,360]
	unsigned char  s;       //[0,100]
	unsigned char  l;       //[0,100]
}COLOR_HSL;//HSL


#define max3v(v1, v2, v3)   ((v1)<(v2)? ((v2)<(v3)?(v3):(v2)):((v1)<(v3)?(v3):(v1)))
#define min3v(v1, v2, v3)   ((v1)>(v2)? ((v2)>(v3)?(v3):(v2)):((v1)>(v3)?(v3):(v1)))

void SwicthI2c(char sw);
unsigned char TCS34725_Init(void);
char TCS34725_GetRawData(COLOR_RGBC *rgbc);
void RGBtoHSL(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb, COLOR_HSL *Hsl);
void RGBto255RGB(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb,Sepan_RGBC *RGB255);
double calculateColorTemperature(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb);
#endif

9.好的，接下来我们来介绍.C文件和各个函数如何实现的

#include "TCS3472ColourSensor.h"

COLOR_RGBC rgb;
COLOR_HSL  hsl;
/*
    PB6     ------> I2C1_SCL
    PB7     ------> I2C1_SDA
    PF0     ------> I2C2_SDA
    PF1     ------> I2C2_SCL
*/
I2C_HandleTypeDef *I2cx;
void SwicthI2c(char sw)
{
	if(sw==2)I2cx=&hi2c2;
	else I2cx=&hi2c1;
}

char TCS34725_Read(uint8_t subAddr,unsigned char *dataBuffer, uint16_t bytesNumber)
{
	subAddr |= TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT;
	uint8_t sendadd = (TCS34725_ADDRESS << 1) | 0x00;
	if(HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(I2cx,sendadd,&subAddr,1,1000)==0x00)
	{
		sendadd = (TCS34725_ADDRESS << 1) | 0x01;
		if(HAL_I2C_Master_Receive(I2cx,sendadd,dataBuffer,bytesNumber,1000)==0x00)
		{
			return 1;
		}
		
	}
	return 0;
}

char TCS34725_Write(uint8_t subAddr,uint8_t *dataBuffer,uint16_t bytesNumber)
{
	uint8_t sendadd = (TCS34725_ADDRESS << 1) | 0x00;
	uint8_t sendBuffer[10]={0,};
	sendBuffer[0]=subAddr|TCS34725_COMMAND_BIT;
	for(uint8_t i=1;i<=bytesNumber;i++)
	{
		sendBuffer[i]=dataBuffer[i-1];
	}
	if(HAL_I2C_Master_Transmit(I2cx,sendadd,sendBuffer,bytesNumber+1,1000)==0)
	{
		return 1;
	}

	return 0;
}


void TCS34725_SetIntegrationTime(uint8_t time)
{
	TCS34725_Write(TCS34725_ATIME,&time,1);
}
void TCS34725_SetGain(uint8_t gain)
{
	TCS34725_Write(TCS34725_CONTROL, &gain, 1);
}
void TCS34725_Enable(void)
{
	uint8_t cmd = TCS34725_ENABLE_PON;
	
	TCS34725_Write(TCS34725_ENABLE, &cmd, 1);
	cmd = TCS34725_ENABLE_PON | TCS34725_ENABLE_AEN;
	TCS34725_Write(TCS34725_ENABLE, &cmd, 1);
}

unsigned char TCS34725_Init(void)
{
	unsigned char id=0;
	uint16_t number=0;
	uint8_t status = TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID;
	TCS34725_Read(TCS34725_ID,&id,1);
	printf("Read I2C ID:%02X\r\n",id);
	if(id==0x4D || id ==0x44)
	{
		TCS34725_SetIntegrationTime(TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_154MS);//转换时间
//		TCS34725_SetIntegrationTime(TCS34725_INTEGRATIONTIME_50MS);
		TCS34725_SetGain(TCS34725_GAIN_16X);
		TCS34725_Enable();
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}


/*******************************************************************************
 * @brief TCS34725获取单个通道数据
 *
 * @return data - 该通道的转换值
*******************************************************************************/
uint16_t TCS34725_GetChannelData(uint8_t reg)
{
	uint8_t tmp[2] = {0,0};
	uint16_t data;
	
	TCS34725_Read(reg, tmp, 2);
	data = (tmp[1] << 8) | tmp[0];
	return data;
}
/*******************************************************************************
 * @brief TCS34725获取各个通道数据
 *
 * @return 1 - 转换完成，数据可用
 *   	   0 - 转换未完成，数据不可用
*******************************************************************************/
char TCS34725_GetRawData(COLOR_RGBC *rgbc)
{
	uint8_t status = TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID;
	
	TCS34725_Read(TCS34725_STATUS, &status, 1);
	
	if(status & TCS34725_STATUS_AVALID)
	{
		rgbc->c = TCS34725_GetChannelData(TCS34725_CDATAL);	
		rgbc->r = TCS34725_GetChannelData(TCS34725_RDATAL);	
		rgbc->g = TCS34725_GetChannelData(TCS34725_GDATAL);	
		rgbc->b = TCS34725_GetChannelData(TCS34725_BDATAL);
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}
/******************************************************************************/
//RGB转HSL
void RGBtoHSL(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb, COLOR_HSL *Hsl)
{
	uint8_t maxVal,minVal,difVal;
	uint8_t r = Rgb->r*100/Rgb->c;   //[0-100]
	uint8_t g = Rgb->g*100/Rgb->c;
	uint8_t b = Rgb->b*100/Rgb->c;
	
	maxVal = max3v(r,g,b);
	minVal = min3v(r,g,b);
	difVal = maxVal-minVal;
	
	//计算亮度
	Hsl->l = (maxVal+minVal)/2;   //[0-100]
	
	if(maxVal == minVal)//若r=g=b,灰度
	{
		Hsl->h = 0; 
		Hsl->s = 0;
	}
	else
	{
		//计算色调
		if(maxVal==r)
		{
			if(g>=b)
				Hsl->h = 60*(g-b)/difVal;
			else
				Hsl->h = 60*(g-b)/difVal+360;
		}
		else
			{
				if(maxVal==g)Hsl->h = 60*(b-r)/difVal+120;
				else
					if(maxVal==b)Hsl->h = 60*(r-g)/difVal+240;
			}
		
		//计算饱和度
		if(Hsl->l<=50)Hsl->s=difVal*100/(maxVal+minVal);  //[0-100]
		else
			Hsl->s=difVal*100/(200-(maxVal+minVal));
	}
}
/******************************************************************************/
//计算RGB的比例和Lux
void RGBto255RGB(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb,Sepan_RGBC *RGB255)
{
	double maxVal,minVal,difVal;
	double r_255=0.0,g_255=0.0,b_255=0.0;

	r_255 = (double)Rgb->r/Rgb->c*255;
	g_255 = (double)Rgb->g/Rgb->c*255;
	b_255 = (double)Rgb->b/Rgb->c*255;
	
	maxVal = max3v(r_255,g_255,b_255);
	r_255 = r_255/maxVal*255;
	g_255 = g_255/maxVal*255;
	b_255 = b_255/maxVal*255;
	
//	maxVal = max3v(Rgb->r,Rgb->g,Rgb->b);	
//	r_255 = (double)Rgb->r/maxVal*255;
//	g_255 = (double)Rgb->g/maxVal*255;
//	b_255 = (double)Rgb->b/maxVal*255;
	
	RGB255->r = (unsigned char)r_255;
	RGB255->g = (unsigned char)g_255;
	RGB255->b = (unsigned char)b_255;
	double lux=(0.299*Rgb->r)+(0.587*Rgb->g)+(0.114*Rgb->b);
	RGB255->Lux = (unsigned short)lux;
	
	if(RGB255->r==255&&RGB255->g==255&&RGB255->b==255)
	{
		if(Rgb->c<255)
		{
			RGB255->r = 0;
			RGB255->g = 0;
			RGB255->b = 0;
		}
	}
}
//
//计算CCT色温
double calculateColorTemperature(COLOR_RGBC *Rgb)
{
	double trimX = 0;
  double trimY = 0;
  double trimZ = 0;
  double coorX = 0, coorY = 0;
  double CCT = 0;
  double n = 0;
  int R = Rgb->r;//255;
  int G = Rgb->g;//231;
  int B = Rgb->b;//131;

	//以下公式实现RGB转三刺激值
	trimX = 2.789 * R + 1.7517 * G + 1.1302 * B;
	trimY = 1 * R + 4.5907 * G + 0.0601 * B;
	trimZ = 0 * R + 0.0565 * G + 5.5943 * B;
	//以下公式实现三刺激值转色坐标
	coorX = trimX / (trimX + trimY + trimZ);
	coorY = trimY / (trimX + trimY + trimZ);
	n = (coorX - 0.3320) / (0.1858 - coorY);
	//以下公式实现色坐标转色温
	CCT = 437 * n * n * n + 3601 * n * n + 6831 * n + 5517;
	return CCT;
}

10.main函数调用应该不用多讲了吧

printf("I2C2 PF0->I2C2_SDA;PF1-> I2C2_SCL \r\n");
SwicthI2c(2);
TCS34725_Init();
osDelay(500);//这边是需要等待传感器自己转换完成的
TCS34725_GetRawData(&rgb);  
RGBtoHSL(&rgb,&hsl);
RGBto255RGB(&rgb,&rgb_255A);
printf("R=%d G=%d B=%d C=%d\r\n",rgb.r,rgb.g,rgb.b,rgb.c);
printf("H=%d S=%d L=%d\r\n",hsl.h,hsl.s,hsl.l);
printf("R255=%d G255=%d B255=%d Lux=%dCCT:%f\r\n",rgb_255A.r,rgb_255A.g,rgb_255A.b,rgb_255A.Lux,calculateColorTemperature(&rgb));
printf("---------------------------------------------\r\n");

11.测试结果如下：

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STM32读取TCS3472颜色传感器读取RGB颜色和色温值和Lux

4.这边VIN接5V电压输入，GND接GND，SCL接SCL（PF1）SDA接SDA(PF0)，这边根据自己启动的IO口进行变换。可以看到Hal_i2c库里面提供了轮询，中断，DMA的方式进行读写I2C,这边我们使用轮询的方式进行读取TCS3472。5.我这边采用STM32Cube生成使用硬件I2C的方式进行通信，注意这边有7bit和10bit，默认7bit。1.3472能提供红，绿，蓝色（RGB）和清晰光感应值的数字输出。9.好的，接下来我们来介绍.C文件和各个函数如何实现的。
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